Chlorite Dissolution Rates From 25 to 275 degrees and pH 3 to 10

Carroll, Susan

doi:10.15121/1148811

Title: Chlorite Dissolution Rates From 25 to 275 degrees and pH 3 to 10

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Abstract

We have calculated a chlorite dissolution rate equation at far from equilibrium conditions by combining new data (20 experiments at high temperature) with previously published data Smith et al. 2013 and Lowson et al. 2007. All rate data (from the 127 experiments) are tabulated in this data submission. More information on the calculation of the rate data can be found in our FY13 Annual support (Carroll LLNL, 2013) which has been submitted to the GDR and is linked below. The rate equation fills a data gap in geothermal kinetic data base and can be used directly to estimate the impact of chemical alteration on all geothermal processes. It is especially important for understanding the role of chemical alteration in the weakening for shear zones in EGS systems.

Authors:

Carroll, Susan

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Publication Date:: 2013-09-26

Other Number(s):: 246

DOE Contract Number:: ;

Research Org.:: DOE Geothermal Data Repository; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Geothermal Technologies Program (EE-4G)

Collaborations:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Subject:: 15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY; chemical alteration; chlorite dissolution; chlorite dissolution rate; chlorite dissolution rate law; data; dissolution rate; EGS; geochemistry; geothermal; geothermal kinetic database; processed data; raw data

OSTI Identifier:: 1148811

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.15121/1148811

Citation Formats


                    Carroll, Susan. Chlorite Dissolution Rates From 25 to 275 degrees and pH 3 to 10.  United States: N. p., 2013. 
        Web.  doi:10.15121/1148811.

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                    Carroll, Susan. Chlorite Dissolution Rates From 25 to 275 degrees and pH 3 to 10.  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.15121/1148811

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                    Carroll, Susan. 2013.  
"Chlorite Dissolution Rates From 25 to 275 degrees and pH 3 to 10".  United States.  doi:https://doi.org/10.15121/1148811.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1148811. Pub date:Thu Sep 26 20:00:00 EDT 2013

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@article{osti_1148811,

  title        = {Chlorite Dissolution Rates From 25 to 275 degrees and pH 3 to 10},

  author       = {Carroll, Susan},

  abstractNote = {We have calculated a chlorite dissolution rate equation at far from equilibrium conditions by combining new data (20 experiments at high temperature) with previously published data Smith et al. 2013 and Lowson et al. 2007. All rate data (from the 127 experiments) are tabulated in this data submission. More information on the calculation of the rate data can be found in our FY13 Annual support (Carroll LLNL, 2013) which has been submitted to the GDR and is linked below. The rate equation fills a data gap in geothermal kinetic data base and can be used directly to estimate the impact of chemical alteration on all geothermal processes. It is especially important for understanding the role of chemical alteration in the weakening for shear zones in EGS systems.},

  doi          = {10.15121/1148811},

  journal      = {},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {2013},

  month        = {9}

}

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15121/1148811

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Chlorite dissolution kinetics at pH 3–10 and temperature to 275 °C

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Sheet silicates and clays are ubiquitous in geothermal environments. Their dissolution is of interest because this process contributes to scaling reactions along fluid pathways and alteration of fracture surfaces which could affect reservoir permeability. Here, in order to better predict the geochemical impacts on long-term performance of engineered geothermal systems, we have measured chlorite dissolution and developed a generalized kinetic rate law applicable over an expanded range of solution pH and temperature. Chlorite, (Mg,Al,Fe)₁₂(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₁₆, commonly occurs in many geothermal host rocks as either a primary mineral or alteration product.
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The objective of this suite of experiments was to develop a useful kinetic dissolution expression for chlorite that would be applicable over a wide range of solution pH and temperature conditions representative of subsurface conditions in natural and/or engineering geothermal reservoirs. The resulting rate equation is dependent on both pH and temperature and utilizes two specific dissolution mechanisms (an “acid” and a “neutral” mechanism). Rate parameters were derived from data collected at LLNL and available published data from Lowson et al. (2007). The form of this rate equation (Equation 1) should be easy to incorporate into most existing reactive transportmore »« less
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Chemical reactions pose an important but poorly understood threat to EGS long-term success because of their impact on fracture permeability. This report summarizes the dissolution rate equations for layered silicates where data were lacking for geothermal systems. Here we report updated rate laws for chlorite (Carroll and Smith 2013), biotite (Carroll and Smith, 2015), illite (Carroll and Smith, 2014), and for muscovite. Also included is a spreadsheet with rate data and rate equations for use in reactive transport simulators.

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