High energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries.

Sun, Y -K; Myung, S -T; Park, B -C; Prakash, J; Belharouak, I; Amine, K

doi:10.1038/nmat2418

Title: High energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries.

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Abstract

Layered lithium nickel-rich oxides, Li[Ni{sub 1-x}M{sub x}]O{sub 2} (M=metal), have attracted significant interest as the cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries owing to their high capacity, excellent rate capability and low cost. However, their low thermal-abuse tolerance and poor cycle life, especially at elevated temperature, prohibit their use in practical batteries. Here, we report on a concentration-gradient cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries based on a layered lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide. In this material, each particle has a central bulk that is rich in Ni and a Mn-rich outer layer with decreasing Ni concentration and increasing Mn and Co concentrations as the surface is approached. The former provides high capacity, whereas the latter improves the thermal stability. A half cell using our concentration-gradient cathode material achieved a high capacity of 209 mA h g{sup -1} and retained 96% of this capacity after 50 charge-discharge cycles under an aggressive test profile (55 C between 3.0 and 4.4 V). Our concentration-gradient material also showed superior performance in thermal-abuse tests compared with the bulk composition Li[Ni{sub 0.8}Co{sub 0.1}Mn{sub 0.1}]O{sub 2} used as reference. These results suggest that our cathode material could enable production of batteries that meet the demanding performance and safetymore »« less

Authors:: Sun, Y -K; Myung, S -T; Park, B -C; Prakash, J; Belharouak, I; Amine, K

Publication Date:: Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2009

Research Org.:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: EE

OSTI Identifier:: 951578

Report Number(s):: ANL/CSE/JA-63272
TRN: US200912%%45

DOE Contract Number:: DE-AC02-06CH11357

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Nature Mater.

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 8; Journal Issue: 4 ; Apr. 2009

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: ENGLISH

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; METAL-NONMETAL BATTERIES; CATHODES; SERVICE LIFE; SAFETY; LITHIUM OXIDES; NICKEL OXIDES; COBALT OXIDES; MANGANESE OXIDES; PERFORMANCE; HYBRID ELECTRIC-POWERED VEHICLES

Citation Formats


                    Sun, Y -K, Myung, S -T, Park, B -C, Prakash, J, Belharouak, I, Amine, K, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Hanyang Univ., Iwate Univ., and Illinois Inst. of Tech. High energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries..  United States: N. p., 2009. 
        Web.  doi:10.1038/nmat2418.

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                    Sun, Y -K, Myung, S -T, Park, B -C, Prakash, J, Belharouak, I, Amine, K, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Hanyang Univ., Iwate Univ., & Illinois Inst. of Tech. High energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries..  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2418

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                    Sun, Y -K, Myung, S -T, Park, B -C, Prakash, J, Belharouak, I, Amine, K, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Hanyang Univ., Iwate Univ., and Illinois Inst. of Tech. 2009.  
        "High energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries.".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2418.

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@article{osti_951578,

  title        = {High energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries.},

  author       = {Sun, Y -K and Myung, S -T and Park, B -C and Prakash, J and Belharouak, I and Amine, K and Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division and Hanyang Univ. and Iwate Univ. and Illinois Inst. of Tech.},

  abstractNote = {Layered lithium nickel-rich oxides, Li[Ni{sub 1-x}M{sub x}]O{sub 2} (M=metal), have attracted significant interest as the cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries owing to their high capacity, excellent rate capability and low cost. However, their low thermal-abuse tolerance and poor cycle life, especially at elevated temperature, prohibit their use in practical batteries. Here, we report on a concentration-gradient cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries based on a layered lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide. In this material, each particle has a central bulk that is rich in Ni and a Mn-rich outer layer with decreasing Ni concentration and increasing Mn and Co concentrations as the surface is approached. The former provides high capacity, whereas the latter improves the thermal stability. A half cell using our concentration-gradient cathode material achieved a high capacity of 209 mA h g{sup -1} and retained 96% of this capacity after 50 charge-discharge cycles under an aggressive test profile (55 C between 3.0 and 4.4 V). Our concentration-gradient material also showed superior performance in thermal-abuse tests compared with the bulk composition Li[Ni{sub 0.8}Co{sub 0.1}Mn{sub 0.1}]O{sub 2} used as reference. These results suggest that our cathode material could enable production of batteries that meet the demanding performance and safety requirements of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.},

  doi          = {10.1038/nmat2418},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/951578},
  journal      = {Nature Mater.},
number       = 4 ; Apr. 2009,

  volume       = 8,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2009},

  month        = {Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2009}

}

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