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Title: Magnetic separation of micro-spheres from viscous biological fluids.

Abstract

A magnetically based detoxification system is being developed as a therapeutic tool for selective and rapid removal of biohazards, i.e. chemicals and radioactive substances, from human blood. One of the key components of this system is a portable magnetic separator capable of separating polymer-based magnetic nano/micro-spheres from arterial blood flow in an ex vivo unit. The magnetic separator consists of an array of alternating and parallel capillary tubing and magnetizable wires, which is exposed to an applied magnetic field created by two parallel permanent magnets such that the magnetic field is perpendicular to both the wires and the fluid flow. In this paper, the performance of this separator was evaluated via preliminary in vitro flow experiments using a separator unit consisting of single capillary glass tubing and two metal wires. Pure water, ethylene glycol-water solution (v:v = 39:61 and v:v = 49:51) and human whole blood were used as the fluids. The results showed that when the viscosity increased from 1.0 cp to 3.0 cp, the capture efficiency (CE) decreased from 90% to 56%. However, it is still feasible to obtain >90% CE in blood flow if the separator design is optimized to create higher magnetic gradients and magnetic fieldsmore » in the separation area.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); Univ. of Chicago Brain Research; Cancer Research Foundations
OSTI Identifier:
914899
Report Number(s):
ANL/CMT/JA-58164
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9155; PHMBA7; TRN: US200817%%3
DOE Contract Number:
DE-AC02-06CH11357
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Resource Relation:
Journal Name: Phys. Med. Biol.; Journal Volume: 52; Journal Issue: 4 ; Feb. 21, 2007
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH
Subject:
61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY; SEPARATION PROCESSES; MICROSPHERES; BLOOD; BLOOD FLOW; IN VITRO; MAGNETIC SEPARATORS; RADIOISOTOPES; TOXIC MATERIALS; PERFORMANCE; VISCOSITY

Citation Formats

Chen, H., Kaminski, M. D., Xianqiao, L., Caviness, P., Torno, M., Rosengart, A. J., Dhar, P., Chemical Engineering, Univ. of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, and Illinois Inst. of Tech.. Magnetic separation of micro-spheres from viscous biological fluids.. United States: N. p., 2007. Web. doi:10.1088/0031-9155/52/4/022.
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Chen, H., Kaminski, M. D., Xianqiao, L., Caviness, P., Torno, M., Rosengart, A. J., Dhar, P., Chemical Engineering, Univ. of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, & Illinois Inst. of Tech.. Magnetic separation of micro-spheres from viscous biological fluids.. United States. doi:10.1088/0031-9155/52/4/022.
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Chen, H., Kaminski, M. D., Xianqiao, L., Caviness, P., Torno, M., Rosengart, A. J., Dhar, P., Chemical Engineering, Univ. of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, and Illinois Inst. of Tech.. Wed . "Magnetic separation of micro-spheres from viscous biological fluids.". United States. doi:10.1088/0031-9155/52/4/022.
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@article{osti_914899,
title = {Magnetic separation of micro-spheres from viscous biological fluids.},
author = {Chen, H. and Kaminski, M. D. and Xianqiao, L. and Caviness, P. and Torno, M. and Rosengart, A. J. and Dhar, P. and Chemical Engineering and Univ. of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine and Illinois Inst. of Tech.},
abstractNote = {A magnetically based detoxification system is being developed as a therapeutic tool for selective and rapid removal of biohazards, i.e. chemicals and radioactive substances, from human blood. One of the key components of this system is a portable magnetic separator capable of separating polymer-based magnetic nano/micro-spheres from arterial blood flow in an ex vivo unit. The magnetic separator consists of an array of alternating and parallel capillary tubing and magnetizable wires, which is exposed to an applied magnetic field created by two parallel permanent magnets such that the magnetic field is perpendicular to both the wires and the fluid flow. In this paper, the performance of this separator was evaluated via preliminary in vitro flow experiments using a separator unit consisting of single capillary glass tubing and two metal wires. Pure water, ethylene glycol-water solution (v:v = 39:61 and v:v = 49:51) and human whole blood were used as the fluids. The results showed that when the viscosity increased from 1.0 cp to 3.0 cp, the capture efficiency (CE) decreased from 90% to 56%. However, it is still feasible to obtain >90% CE in blood flow if the separator design is optimized to create higher magnetic gradients and magnetic fields in the separation area.},
doi = {10.1088/0031-9155/52/4/022},
journal = {Phys. Med. Biol.},
number = 4 ; Feb. 21, 2007,
volume = 52,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 21 00:00:00 EST 2007},
month = {Wed Feb 21 00:00:00 EST 2007}
}
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Journal Article:
DOI:  10.1088/0031-9155/52/4/022
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  • ; ; ; ... - Phys. Med. Biol.
    A portable separator has been developed to quantitatively separate blood-borne magnetic spheres in potentially high-flow regimes for the human detoxification purpose. In the separator design, an array of biocompatible capillary tubing and magnetizable wires is immersed in an external magnetic field that is generated by two permanent magnets. The wires are magnetized and the high magnetic field gradient from the magnetized wires helps to collect blood-borne magnetic nano/micro-spheres from the blood flow. In this study, a 3D numerical model was created and the effect of tubing-wire configurations on the capture efficiency of the system was analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3{reg_sign}.more » The results showed that the configuration characterized by bi-directionally alternating wires and tubes was the best design with respect to the four starting configurations. Preliminary in vitro experiments verified the numerical predictions. The results helped us to optimize a prototype portable magnetic separator that is suitable for rapid sequestration of magnetic nano/micro-spheres from the human blood stream while accommodating necessary clinical boundary conditions.« less

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    Monocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO 2) micro-spheres support two orthogonal magnetic dipole modes at terahertz (THz) frequencies due to strong dielectric anisotropy. For the first time, we experimentally detected the splitting of the first Mie mode in spheres of radii inline imagem through near-field time-domain THz spectroscopy. By fitting the Fano lineshape model to the experimentally obtained spectra of the electric field detected by the sub-wavelength aperture probe, we found that the magnetic dipole resonances in TiO 2 spheres have narrow linewidths of only tens of gigahertz. Lastly, anisotropic TiO 2 micro-resonators can be used to enhance the interplay of magneticmore » and electric dipole resonances in the emerging THz all-dielectric metamaterial technology.« less
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    This paper deals with analytic studies and numerical results of the scattering of plane sound waves from an elastic circular cylinder and from an elastic sphere in a viscous fluid. The elastic properties of the cylinder and the sphere and the viscosity of the surrounding fluid are taken into account in the solution of the acoustic-scattering problems. The associated acoustic quantities, such as the acoustic-scattering patterns, the acoustic-radiation forces, and the acoustic attenuation, are first derived in closed forms and then evaluated numerically for a given set of material properties. Numerical results show that increasing fluid viscosity tends to increasemore » the directionality of the angular distribution of the scattering patterns, especially in the forward direction. The acoustic-radiation force on the cylinder or on the sphere is in the direction of the incident wave and increases as the viscosity of the fluid increases. The plots of the acoustic-attenuation coefficients versus the dimensionless wavenumber of the incident sound wave reveal oscillatory phenomena, which are caused by the resonant vibrations of the cylinder or the sphere.« less

  • ; ; ; ... - J. Magn. Magn. Mater.
    No abstract prepared.

  • ; ; ; ...
    A proposed portable magnetic separator consists of an array of biocompatible capillary tubing and magnetizable wires immersed in an externally applied homogeneous magnetic field. While subject to the homogeneous magnetic field, the wires create high magnetic field gradients, which aid in the collection of blood-borne magnetic nanospheres from blood flow. In this study, a 3-D numerical model was created using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.2 software to determine the configuration of the wire-tubing array from two possible configurations, one being an array with rows alternating between wires and tubing, and the other being an array where wire and tubing alternate in twomore » directions. The results demonstrated that the second configuration would actually capture more of the magnetic spheres. Experimental data obtained by our group support this numerical result.« less