Studies of Scale Formation and Kinetics of Crofer 22 APU and Haynes 230 in Carbon Oxide-Containing Environment for SOFC Applications
Significant progress in reducing the operating temperature of SOFCs below 800oC may allow the use of chromia-forming metallic interconnects at a substantial cost savings. Hydrogen is the main fuel for all types of fuel cells except direct methanol fuel cells. Hydrogen can be generated from fossil fuels, including coal, natural gas, diesel, gasoline, other hydrocarbons, and oxygenates (e.g., methanol, ethanol, butanol, etc.). Carbon oxides present in the hydrogen fuel can cause significant performance problems due to carbon formation (coking). Also, literature data indicate that in CO/CO2 gaseous environments, metallic materials that gain their corrosion resistance due to formation of Cr2O3, could form stable chromium carbides. The chromium carbide formation causes depletion of chromium in these alloys. If the carbides oxidize, they form non-protective scales. Considering a potential detrimental effect of carbon oxides on iron- and nickel-base alloy stability, determining corrosion performance of metallic interconnect candidates in carbon oxide-containing environments at SOFC operating temperatures is a must. In this research, the corrosion behavior of Crofer 22 APU and Haynes 230 was studied in a CO-rich atmosphere at 750°C. Chemical composition of the gaseous environment at the outlet was determined using gas chromatography (GC). After 800 h of exposure to the gaseous environment the surfaces of the corroded samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with microanalytical capabilities. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was also used in this study.
- Research Organization:
- National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA, Morgantown, WV, and Albany, OR (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE - Office of Fossil Energy (FE)
- OSTI ID:
- 912710
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/NETL-2007-043; R&D Project: 220693; TRN: US200801%%1158
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Fuel Cell Seminar, Honolulu, HI, Nov. 13-17, 2006; Related Information: Extended abstract only published
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CARBON
CARBON OXIDES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CHROMIUM CARBIDES
CORROSION RESISTANCE
DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL CELLS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN FUELS
KINETICS
NATURAL GAS
NICKEL BASE ALLOYS
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
materials science
engineering
synthetic fuels
energy conservation