Autothermal reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas:reference: KBR paper #2031.

doi:10.2172/912649

Title: Autothermal reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas:reference: KBR paper #2031.

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Abstract

This Project Final Report serves to document the project structure and technical results achieved during the 3-year project titled Advanced Autothermal Reformer for US Dept of Energy Office of Industrial Technology. The project was initiated in December 2001 and was completed March 2005. It was a joint effort between Sandia National Laboratories (Livermore, CA), Kellogg Brown & Root LLC (KBR) (Houston, TX) and Sued-Chemie (Louisville, KY). The purpose of the project was to develop an experimental capability that could be used to examine the propensity for soot production in an Autothermal Reformer (ATR) during the production of hydrogen-carbon monoxide synthesis gas intended for Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) applications including ammonia, methanol, and higher hydrocarbons. The project consisted of an initial phase that was focused on developing a laboratory-scale ATR capable of reproducing conditions very similar to a plant scale unit. Due to budget constraints this effort was stopped at the advanced design stages, yielding a careful and detailed design for such a system including ATR vessel design, design of ancillary feed and let down units as well as a PI&D for laboratory installation. The experimental effort was then focused on a series of measurements to evaluate rich, high-pressure burner behavior at pressuresmore »« less

Authors:

Mann, David ^[1]; Rice, Steven, D.

(KBR, Houston, TX)

Publication Date:: Sun Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2007

Research Org.:: Sandia National Laboratories

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 912649

Report Number(s):: SAND2007-2331
TRN: US200801%%1129

DOE Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

Resource Type:: Technical Report

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 03 NATURAL GAS; 10 SYNTHETIC FUELS; AMMONIA; ATTENUATION; BURNERS; CARBON; CHEMISTRY; DESIGN; FLOW RATE; HYDROCARBONS; LASERS; METHANOL; NATURAL GAS; OXIDATION; SOOT; STABILITY; STEAM; STOICHIOMETRY; SYNTHESIS; SYNTHESIS GAS; Synthesis gas.; Soot

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                    Mann, David, and Rice, Steven, D. Autothermal reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas:reference: KBR paper #2031..  United States: N. p., 2007. 
        Web.  doi:10.2172/912649.

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                    Mann, David, & Rice, Steven, D. Autothermal reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas:reference: KBR paper #2031..  United States.  doi:10.2172/912649.

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                    Mann, David, and Rice, Steven, D. Sun .  
        "Autothermal reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas:reference: KBR paper #2031.".  United States.  
        doi:10.2172/912649.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/912649.

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@article{osti_912649,

  title        = {Autothermal reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas:reference: KBR paper #2031.},

  author       = {Mann, David and Rice, Steven, D.},

  abstractNote = {This Project Final Report serves to document the project structure and technical results achieved during the 3-year project titled Advanced Autothermal Reformer for US Dept of Energy Office of Industrial Technology. The project was initiated in December 2001 and was completed March 2005. It was a joint effort between Sandia National Laboratories (Livermore, CA), Kellogg Brown & Root LLC (KBR) (Houston, TX) and Sued-Chemie (Louisville, KY). The purpose of the project was to develop an experimental capability that could be used to examine the propensity for soot production in an Autothermal Reformer (ATR) during the production of hydrogen-carbon monoxide synthesis gas intended for Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) applications including ammonia, methanol, and higher hydrocarbons. The project consisted of an initial phase that was focused on developing a laboratory-scale ATR capable of reproducing conditions very similar to a plant scale unit. Due to budget constraints this effort was stopped at the advanced design stages, yielding a careful and detailed design for such a system including ATR vessel design, design of ancillary feed and let down units as well as a PI&D for laboratory installation. The experimental effort was then focused on a series of measurements to evaluate rich, high-pressure burner behavior at pressures as high as 500 psi. The soot formation measurements were based on laser attenuation at a view port downstream of the burner. The results of these experiments and accompanying calculations show that soot formation is primarily dependent on oxidation stoichiometry. However, steam to carbon ratio was found to impact soot production as well as burner stability. The data also showed that raising the operating pressure while holding mass flow rates constant results in considerable soot formation at desirable feed ratios. Elementary reaction modeling designed to illuminate the role of CO{sub 2} in the burner feed showed that the conditions in the burner allow for the direct participation of CO{sub 2} in the oxidation chemistry.},

  doi          = {10.2172/912649},

  journal      = {},

  number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sun Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2007},

  month        = {Sun Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2007}

}

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Autothermal Reforming of Natural Gas to Synthesis Gas

Steven F. Rice ; David P. Mann

This Project Final Report serves to document the project structure and technical results achieved during the 3-year project titled Advanced Autothermal Reformer for US Dept of Energy Office of Industrial Technology. The project was initiated in December 2001 and was completed March 2005. It was a joint effort between Sandia National Laboratories (Livermore, CA), Kellogg Brown & Root LLC (KBR) (Houston, TX) and Süd-Chemie (Louisville, KY). The purpose of the project was to develop an experimental capability that could be used to examine the propensity for soot production in an Autothermal Reformer (ATR) during the production of hydrogen-carbon monoxide synthesismore »« less
DOI: 10.2172/902090

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Conversion of hydrocarbons for fuel-cell applications. Part I. Autothermal reforming of sulfur-free and sulfur-containing hydrocarbon liquids. Part II. Steam reforming of n-hexane on pellet and monolithic catalyst beds. Final report

Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M. ; Voecks, G.E.

Experimental autothermal reforming (ATR) results obtained in the previous phase of this work with sulfur-free pure hydrocarbon liquids are summarized. Catalyst types and configuration used were the same as in earlier tests with No. 2 fuel oil to facilitate comparisons. Fuel oil has been found to form carbon in ATR at conditions much milder than those predicted by equilibrium. Reactive differences between paraffins and aromatics in ATR, and thus the formation of different carbon precursors, have been shown to be responsible for the observed carbon formation characteristics (fuel-specific). From tests with both light and heavy paraffins and aromatics, it ismore »« less
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Autothermal Reforming of No. 2 Fuel Oil. Final report

Houseman, J. ; Voecks, G. ; Shah, R.

The fuel cell systems that are being considered for use as dispersed generators by electric utilities are, at present, limited to the use of clean light hydrocarbon fuels such as naphtha and natural gas. This report presents the results of research on a fuel processing concept, termed Autothermal Reforming, or ATR, which may expand the useful fuel range to include middle distillate fuels derived from petroleum or coal. Experiments were conducted with a 4-in.-dia by 15-in.-long catalytic reactor (nickel catalyst) to produce a hydrogen-rich gas from No. 2 Fuel Oil and steam-air mixtures, at essentially atmospheric pressure. The hydrogen yieldmore »« less
Autothermal reforming of sulfur-free and sulfur-containing hydrocarbon liquids

Not Available

The mechanisms by which various fuel component hydrocarbons related to both heavy petroleum and coal-derived liquids are converted to hydrogen without forming carbon were investigated. Reactive differences between paraffins and aromatics in autothermal reforming (ATR) were shown to be responsible for the observed fuel-specific carbon formation characteristics. The types of carbon formed in the reformer were identified by SEM and XRD analyses of catalyst samples and carbon deposits. From tests with both light and heavy paraffins and aromatics, it is concluded that high boiling point hydrocarbons and polynuclear aromatics enhance the propensity for carbon formation. The effects of propylene additionmore »« less