New materials for coal liquefaction. [12 refs]
One of the challenges in coal liquefaction is the improvement of catalyst stability, performance, and regenerability. A study was conducted to identify promising classes of catalytic materials that are likely to meet the severe constraints encountered in coal liquefaction. A large number of inorganic compounds were considered, many of which show properties that may be of catalytic interest. Examples are the high thermal stability of refractories such as carbides, nitrides, borides, and silicides, ultrastable zeolites and intermetallic compounds; the presence of a range of bulk and surface properties such as surface acidity in mixed oxides; novel structures such as the perovskite-like Nowotny compounds containing Group VIII metals (e.g. Pt/sub 3/ZnC); the presence of metal clusters in non-metal environments such as Mo/sub 3/ clusters in Mg/sub 2/Mo/sub 3/O/sub 8/ and Al/sub 0/./sub 5/Mo/sub 2/S/sub 4/, etc. Many of these materials have not been tested for catalytic applications. Before they can be identified as promising candidates for coal liquefaction catalysis, they have to satisfy constraints of thermal stability under operation and regeneration, and chemical stability in H/sub 2/S and O/sub 2/ as well as NH/sub 3/ and H/sub 2/O. Thermodynamic considerations showed that stability in H/sub 2/S is the most severe limitation. It eliminates all but the most stable compounds: sulfides, certain oxides, and select borides, phosphides, silicides, and nitrides. A perspective for the consequences of this and the other constraints is presented.
- Research Organization:
- Catalytica Associates, Inc., Palo Alto, CA
- OSTI ID:
- 7336564
- Journal Information:
- Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem., Prepr.; (United States), Vol. 21:5; Conference: American Chemical Society meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, 29 Aug 1976; Other Information: See CONF-760826--P2
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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CATALYSTS
PERFORMANCE
REGENERATION
STABILITY
COAL LIQUEFACTION
BORIDES
CARBIDES
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS
MOLYBDATES
NITRIDES
OXIDES
PHOSPHIDES
SILICIDES
SULFIDES
SURFACE PROPERTIES
ZEOLITES
ALLOYS
BORON COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CHALCOGENIDES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
LIQUEFACTION
MINERALS
MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
PNICTIDES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
010405* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction