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Title: Modeling study of rotational relaxation and absorption

Abstract

The rate of rotational relaxation can influence the amount of single-line absorption for a transition that involves discrete rotational states. The extent of selected-state laser chemistry can thus be affected by the rotational bottleneck effect. Models of rotational relaxation and pulsed single-line absorption were constructed to determine the main factors governing the bottleneck effect, to determine the relaxation rate constants necessary to maintain equilibrium for a wide range of conditions, and to investigate the effects of rotational relaxation in a two-step photodissociative isotope enrichment scheme. Coupling the models with laboratory experiments could also yield a new method for determining rotational relaxation rates.

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, CA (USA). Chemistry and Physics Lab.
OSTI Identifier:
7331494
Report Number(s):
ATR-77(8127)-3
DOE Contract Number:
EY-76-C-03-1017
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS; 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; LASER ISOTOPE SEPARATION; ROTATIONAL STATES; RELAXATION; ABSORPTION; ENERGY-LEVEL TRANSITIONS; LASER RADIATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION; ENERGY LEVELS; EXCITED STATES; ISOTOPE SEPARATION; RADIATIONS; SEPARATION PROCESSES; 050503* - Nuclear Fuels- Uranium Enrichment- Laser Excitation- (-1989); 400203 - Isotope Exchange & Isotope Separation- (-1987)

Citation Formats

Hwang, W.C., and Kamada, R.F.. Modeling study of rotational relaxation and absorption. United States: N. p., 1977. Web. doi:10.2172/7331494.
Hwang, W.C., & Kamada, R.F.. Modeling study of rotational relaxation and absorption. United States. doi:10.2172/7331494.
Hwang, W.C., and Kamada, R.F.. Thu . "Modeling study of rotational relaxation and absorption". United States. doi:10.2172/7331494. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/7331494.
@article{osti_7331494,
title = {Modeling study of rotational relaxation and absorption},
author = {Hwang, W.C. and Kamada, R.F.},
abstractNote = {The rate of rotational relaxation can influence the amount of single-line absorption for a transition that involves discrete rotational states. The extent of selected-state laser chemistry can thus be affected by the rotational bottleneck effect. Models of rotational relaxation and pulsed single-line absorption were constructed to determine the main factors governing the bottleneck effect, to determine the relaxation rate constants necessary to maintain equilibrium for a wide range of conditions, and to investigate the effects of rotational relaxation in a two-step photodissociative isotope enrichment scheme. Coupling the models with laboratory experiments could also yield a new method for determining rotational relaxation rates.},
doi = {10.2172/7331494},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 1977},
month = {Thu Jan 20 00:00:00 EST 1977}
}

Technical Report:

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  • The rotational and vibrational energy-transfer processes of the CH/sub 3/F optically pumped far-infrared (OPFIR) laser were studied in a time-resolved experiment. The experiment uses a tunable millimeter and submillimeter spectroscopic technique as a diagnostic probe. Included are observations of the fast Delta J processes that closely connect other J states with K = 3 to the directly pumped J = 5 level, a vibrational swapping mechanism that transfers excitation from K = 3 to other K states, vibrational relaxation due to both wall collisions and molecule-molecule collisions, the nonunity probability of vibrational deactivation in a wall collision, and pump saturationmore » and hole-burning effects due to the CO/sub 2/ pump laser. All of these observations are accounted for in the context of a numerical simulation. This results in a complete map of all of the collision-induced rotation/vibration transitions of importance to this basic OPFIR system including quantitative cross sections for the relevant processes.« less
  • The characteristics of vibrational relaxation of diatomic molecules are analyzed using a combined kinetic-thermodynamic approach based on the master equation formalism on the one hand and the maximal entropy procedure on the other. The complex and detailed solutions for the vibrational relaxation of diatomic molecules (HF as a specific system) can be greatly compacted and systemized. The physical-mathematical significance of detailed balancing and quasi-equilibrium distributions in non-isothermal systems are discussed. It is shown that the increased efficiency of rotationally relaxed chemical lasers is due to the removal of thermodynamic constraints from the molecular distribution function. The different roles of reagentmore » internal excitation on the rates of endoergic reactions at a given temperature and a given total energy are discussed and demonstrated.« less
  • The emission of a pulsed chemical CO laser was investigated using numerical calculations and experimental data, and possibilities of increasing the output energy and power are discussed. The effect of pressure, temperature, and mixing ratio was calculated for the chemical reaction of CS2 and O2. The calculated CO production rate was used in a model, allowing 340 coupled laser transitions, to calculate the output power of the chemical laser. Relaxation processes between molecules in the laser are taken into account, and their influence is discussed. A comparison with spectrally and timely resolved power measurements shows that the model used ismore » suitable for describing the laser system. Conclusions are obtained in regard to the optimal design of high power CO lasers.« less