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Title: Determination of the near-surface elemental composition of catalysts by the technique of proton-induced x-ray analysis. [Highly sensitive; limit of 10/sup -12/g absolute and 10/sup -6/ relative concentration]

Abstract

The technique of using an accelerated beam of protons to generate characteristic x rays from elements is shown to be particularly useful for analyzing catalysts. The information comes from within the first few micrometers of the surface, so all elements in this region, i.e., the catalytic elements as well as trace impurities in the support, are detected. The technique is highly sensitive for all the main catalytic elements (down to at least 10/sup -12/ g absolute and 10/sup -6/ relative concentration) and is rapid, taking typically only a few minutes to obtain a sample spectrum. Unlike x-ray production by electron beam irradiation, advantage can be taken of the fact that the information may be rendered quantitative simply by preparing the sample in the form of small (less than 2 ..mu..m) particulates: 3 MeV protons lose typically less than 2 percent of their energy in traversing such a particle. No chemical information is obtained, but the technique, by virtue of its special features, is well suited for use in conjunction with other near-surface analytical techniques.

Authors:
 [1]; ; ; ;
  1. IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
7321679
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
J. Catal.; (United States)
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 45:1
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; CATALYSTS; QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; X-RAY SPECTRA; SURFACE COATING; ELEMENTS; PROTON BEAMS; SENSITIVITY; SURFACTANTS; TRACE AMOUNTS; X RADIATION; BEAMS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; DEPOSITION; ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION; IONIZING RADIATIONS; NUCLEON BEAMS; PARTICLE BEAMS; RADIATIONS; SPECTRA; 400103* - Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures- (-1987)

Citation Formats

Cairns, J A, Lurio, A, Ziegler, J F, Holloway, D F, and Cookson, J. Determination of the near-surface elemental composition of catalysts by the technique of proton-induced x-ray analysis. [Highly sensitive; limit of 10/sup -12/g absolute and 10/sup -6/ relative concentration]. United States: N. p., 1976. Web.
Cairns, J A, Lurio, A, Ziegler, J F, Holloway, D F, & Cookson, J. Determination of the near-surface elemental composition of catalysts by the technique of proton-induced x-ray analysis. [Highly sensitive; limit of 10/sup -12/g absolute and 10/sup -6/ relative concentration]. United States.
Cairns, J A, Lurio, A, Ziegler, J F, Holloway, D F, and Cookson, J. 1976. "Determination of the near-surface elemental composition of catalysts by the technique of proton-induced x-ray analysis. [Highly sensitive; limit of 10/sup -12/g absolute and 10/sup -6/ relative concentration]". United States.
@article{osti_7321679,
title = {Determination of the near-surface elemental composition of catalysts by the technique of proton-induced x-ray analysis. [Highly sensitive; limit of 10/sup -12/g absolute and 10/sup -6/ relative concentration]},
author = {Cairns, J A and Lurio, A and Ziegler, J F and Holloway, D F and Cookson, J},
abstractNote = {The technique of using an accelerated beam of protons to generate characteristic x rays from elements is shown to be particularly useful for analyzing catalysts. The information comes from within the first few micrometers of the surface, so all elements in this region, i.e., the catalytic elements as well as trace impurities in the support, are detected. The technique is highly sensitive for all the main catalytic elements (down to at least 10/sup -12/ g absolute and 10/sup -6/ relative concentration) and is rapid, taking typically only a few minutes to obtain a sample spectrum. Unlike x-ray production by electron beam irradiation, advantage can be taken of the fact that the information may be rendered quantitative simply by preparing the sample in the form of small (less than 2 ..mu..m) particulates: 3 MeV protons lose typically less than 2 percent of their energy in traversing such a particle. No chemical information is obtained, but the technique, by virtue of its special features, is well suited for use in conjunction with other near-surface analytical techniques.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/7321679}, journal = {J. Catal.; (United States)},
number = ,
volume = 45:1,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1976},
month = {Fri Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1976}
}