A study of the interaction of the flow field and the fuel jet in particulate formation as related to diesel engines

Technical Report · Mon Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1991

OSTI ID:7295254

Schwalb, J A; Dodge, L G; Ryan, III, T W

In-cylinder control of particulate emissions in a diesel engine depends on careful control and understanding of the fuel injection and air/fuel mixing process. As yet, it is extremely difficult to measure physical parameters of the injection and mixing process in an operating engine, but it is possible to simulate the diesel combustion chamber in a steady flow configuration whose characteristics can be more easily probed. The approach of this program was to create a steady flow environment whose thermodynamic conditions, air-flow conditions, and injection characteristics matched the conditions in a typical diesel engine (the Cummins L10 engine was chosen as a representative model). Using existing hot-film anemometry, laser diffraction and phase-Doppler techniques, the air-flow turbulence and injection spray were thoroughly characterized under non-combusting conditions. The development of a spray model (based on momentum exchange between the injected fuel and the air) allowed for further characterization and extrapolation of the steady state results to the intermittent engine conditions. Finally, actual emissions measurements were made under combusting conditions so that correlations could be drawn between the measured emissions and the spray and flow conditions measured in the non-combusting cases. The results of those measurements show some interesting aspects of the effect of air-flow turbulence and spray characteristics on combustion. Increased air-flow turbulence was found to decrease particulates, CO, and unburned hydrocarbons, while C0{sub 2} and NO{sub x} levels were increased.

• Research Organization: Southwest Research Inst., San Antonio, TX (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
• DOE Contract Number: AC04-87AL43059
• OSTI ID: 7295254
• Report Number(s): DOE/AL/43059-T13; ON: DE92018565
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
DIESEL ENGINES
COMBUSTION KINETICS
NITROGEN OXIDES
EMISSION
PARTICULATES
AIR FLOW
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
FLOW MODELS
FUEL CONSUMPTION
FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS
JETS
PROGRESS REPORT
SPRAYS
TURBULENT FLOW
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
DOCUMENT TYPES
EFFICIENCY
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENGINES
FLUID FLOW
FUEL SYSTEMS
GAS FLOW
HEAT ENGINES
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
KINETICS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARTICLES
REACTION KINETICS
330102* - Internal Combustion Engines- Diesel
330701 - Emission Control- Nitrogen Oxides
330705 - Emission Control- Particulates
320203 - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Transportation- Land & Roadway