The correlation between surface chemistry, surface morphology, and cycling efficiency of lithium electrodes in a few polar aprotic systems

Journal Article · Wed Nov 01 00:00:00 EST 1989 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2096425· OSTI ID:7227402

Aurbach, D; Gofer, Y ^[1]; Langzam, J ^[2]

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1. Chemistry Dept., Bar-Ilan Univ., Ramat Gan 52100, (IL)
2. Bar-Ilan Univ., Ramat-Gan (Israel). Dept. of Life Sciences

Lithium electrodes in a few selected polar aprotic electrolyte systems were investigated using electrochemical techniques in conjunction with surface - sensitive Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The solvents used were {gamma} butyrolactone (BL), propylene carbonate (PC), and tetrahydrofuran (THF), and the salts included LiClO{sub 4} and LiAsF{sub 6}. Cycling efficiency of lithium electrodes was correlated to their surface chemistry and morphology in the various solvent systems. The effects of both water and oxygen contamination were rigorously studied. It was found that the presence of oxygen in solutions considerably increased the cycling efficiency of the lithium electrode. This effect correlates well with the influence of the presence of oxygen on the surface morphology of lithium electrodes in solutions. The presence of water increases cycling efficiency of Li electrodes in PC, and decreases cycling efficiency of Li electrodes in ethers. These results are discussed in light of the surface chemistry of lithium in the various solvent systems.

• OSTI ID: 7227402
• Journal Information: Journal of the Electrochemical Society; (USA), Vol. 136:11; ISSN 0013-4651
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
ELECTRODES
MORPHOLOGY
LITHIUM
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
CHLORATES
DESIGN
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
FOURIER TRANSFORMATION
INFRARED SPECTRA
LITHIUM ARSENIDES
LITHIUM FLUORIDES
LITHIUM OXIDES
PERFORMANCE TESTING
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SOLVENTS
THERMAL CYCLING
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALI METALS
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS
ARSENIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMISTRY
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
EFFICIENCY
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
ELEMENTS
FLUORIDES
FLUORINE COMPOUNDS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
INTEGRAL TRANSFORMATIONS
LITHIUM COMPOUNDS
LITHIUM HALIDES
METALS
MICROSCOPY
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PNICTIDES
SPECTRA
TESTING
TRANSFORMATIONS
250902* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Performance & Testing
250903 - Energy Storage- Batteries- Materials
Components
& Auxiliaries
360202 - Ceramics
Cermets
& Refractories- Structure & Phase Studies
400400 - Electrochemistry