European waste-to-energy systems. Case study of Munich: Munich North IA and IB, Munich North II, Munich South IV and V
The city of Munich has a population of 1,315,000. Solid waste is collected by a city department and delivered to the city's own Electricity Works. The Electricity Works incinerates the waste in five incinerators in two separate locations (the North and South plants). Munich's five incinerators represent three different designs for co-generation of heat and electrical energy. All burn both waste and fossil fuel and all use Benson boilers to produce steam at 184 bars (181.5 atm) and 540/sup 0/C (1,000/sup 0/F). The Electricity Works recovers energy in the form of electricity, hot water, and steam. Ash, bulky objects, and non-incinerable waste are dumped on a ''garbage mountain'' within the city limits. The system's priority is to produce electricity for the city grid rather than to treat waste. The hot water and steam produced are used in district heating. The system is peakloaded both for electricity and for district heating, and, as a result, is operated with some diseconomy. Over 450,000 metric tons (495,700 short tons) of waste were burned in 1975. That amount represents practically all the solid waste collected in Munich. A shredder with a capacity of 30,000 metric tons (33,000 short tons) per year will be added in 1977 and this will allow for even more complete incineration in the future. Some fees for collection go towards the difference between the total costs ofincineration and the revenue earned from the sale of energy and scrap metal. The rates charged appear to be far below actual costs of incineration, which suggests that the sale of electricity is subsidizing the cost of incineration.
- Research Organization:
- Resource Planning Associates, Inc., Washington, D.C. (USA); Consultex, S.A., Geneva (Switzerland)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- US Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- EX-76-C-01-2103
- OSTI ID:
- 7212432
- Report Number(s):
- CONS/2103-4
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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POLICY AND ECONOMY
09 BIOMASS FUELS
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
CO-GENERATION
DISTRICT HEATING
ENERGY CONSERVATION
GERMAN FEDERAL REPUBLIC
WASTE PROCESSING
MUNICIPAL WASTES
USES
RESOURCE CONSERVATION
SOLID WASTES
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