DNA damage and repair mechanism. [DNA damage and repair mechanisms]

Technical Report · Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1976

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/7156180· OSTI ID:7156180

Grossman, L

The ability of cells to survive in an environment specifically damaging to its DNA can be attributed to a variety of inherent repair mechanisms. This is a form of repair in which alterations are directly reversed to their original form. This reversibility is exemplified by the photoreactivation of ultraviolet-induced pyrimidine dimers. This phenomenon is attributable to the action of an enzyme, photolyase (photoreactivating enzyme), which is able to monomerize the uv-induced pyrimidine dimers in the presence of 320 to 370 nm light. Dilution of damage can be effected through a series of sister chromatid exchanges, controlled by recombinational mechanisms as a postreplication event. In this form of repair, replication proceeds to the point of damage, stops and resumes at the point of the next initiation site resulting in a gap in the newly synthesized daughter strand. It is presumed that those strands containing damaged regions exchange with undamaged regions of other DNA, strands, resulting in the eventual dilution of such damage.

• Research Organization: Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, Md. (USA)
• OSTI ID: 7156180
• Report Number(s): COO-2814-1
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
BIOCHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
DNA
INJURIES
STRAND BREAKS
ANIMAL CELLS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BIOSYNTHESIS
CHROMATIDS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
DNA REPLICATION
ENVIRONMENT
LYASES
PHOTOCHEMISTRY
PLANT CELLS
SURVIVAL TIME
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
CHEMISTRY
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ENZYMES
KINETICS
MUTATIONS
NUCLEIC ACID REPLICATION
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
REACTION KINETICS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
SYNTHESIS
550400* - Genetics
550200 - Biochemistry