Persistence and transfer of /sup 36/Cl-DDT in the soil and biota of an old-field ecosystem: a six-year balance study
The fate of a 1 kg/ha application of granular chlorine-36-labeled DDT made by helicopter on 10 June 1969 to a 4-ha old-field study area near Urbana, Ohio was traced and quantified in soil and biota through November 1974. Between 1970 and 1974, residues of DDT (DDTR, includes DDT plus metabolites) declined from 22.0 to 3.8 mg/kg tissue in earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) and from 9.3 to 2.1 mg/kg in slugs (Deroceras laeve). Levels of DDTR in foliage of grasses and forbs increased from 2-3 mg/kg in 1970 to 7.6 mg/kg in 1974, but remained relatively constant at 1.6 mg/kg in roots. Amounts of residues in samples of air collected at the surface of the soil were positively correlated with amounts in soil and with air temperature. The total quantity of DDTR in the top 12 cm of soil was estimated to be 1779 g in October 1974, or 38% of the amount applied in 1969. Earthworms, which comprised the largest component of animal biomass, contained 5% of the total DDTR in the ecosystem in 1969, compared to 3% in the plants and other biota. As residues declined in earthworms and increased in plants over time, the total DDTR bound in the biota increased until it accounted for 22% of the total DDTR in the ecosystem in 1974. Losses of DDTR from the ecosystem each year were attributed primarily to volatilization from soil, because losses in runoff and emigrating insects and small mammals were negligible. 12 references, 7 figures, 6 tables.
- Research Organization:
- Ohio State Univ., Columbus
- OSTI ID:
- 7132822
- Journal Information:
- Ecology; (United States), Vol. 64:6
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CHLORINE 36
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
DDT
AIR POLLUTION
ANNELIDS
ARTHROPODS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
GRASS
INVERTEBRATES
LAND POLLUTION
OHIO
PLANTS
SOILS
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CHLORINE ISOTOPES
ECOSYSTEMS
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
FEDERAL REGION V
INSECTICIDES
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MASS TRANSFER
NORTH AMERICA
NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
PESTICIDES
POLLUTION
RADIOISOTOPES
USA
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
560303* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Plants- (-1987)
560304 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Invertebrates- (-1987)
500200 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)