Kraft black liquor combustion: Advancement in fundamental understanding
Self-generated fuel streams plus purchased fossil fuel and power supply the pulp and paper industry with its energy requirements. The total industry energy use for 1986 was approximately 2.3 Quad (2300 trillion Btus). Self-generated and residue fuels accounted for 57% of the energy requirements. Spent pulping liquors provide the single largest self-generated energy source, approximately one Quad (900 trillion Btus). The pulp and paper industry also leads the nation in cogeneration performance. In 1986 eighty-nine percent (89%) of the 46 billion KWHs generated were produced by cogeneration. Spent pulping liquors supply the single largest fuel source (35%) to these cogeneration facilities. Spent pulping liquors consist of solubilized wood organics, spent inorganic chemicals, and water. Since kraft pulp dominates the North American market, 74%, kraft black liquor is the dominant spent pulping liquor. Effective recovery of high level energy and chemicals from black liquor contributes heavily toward dominance of kraft pulping. The kraft chemical recovery cycle centers around the recovery boiler. Kraft recovery boilers have been commercially available for over 50 years. The potential still exists, however, for significant improvements in energy recovery and black liquor throughput. Potential energy benefits from black liquor combustion research amount to 30 trillion Btus. Energy recovery increases often are an additional benefit from modifications made to increase black liquor throughput. Capacity increases of at least 5% are often achievable. Increased energy productivity of the kraft chemical recovery boiler will come by incorporation of improved fundamental knowledge into the technology used for boiler upgrades and new boiler construction. 5 refs., 9 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, WI (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-83CE40637
- OSTI ID:
- 7129043
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/CE/40637-T3; IPC-3473-6; ON: DE88015981
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Paper copy only, copy does not permit microfiche production
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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29 ENERGY PLANNING
POLICY AND ECONOMY
BLACK LIQUIDS
ATOMIZATION
COMBUSTION
BOILERS
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
DROPLETS
DRYING
PAPER INDUSTRY
COGENERATION
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENERGY SOURCES
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION
ELECTRIC POWER
HEAT TRANSFER
POWER GENERATION
SIZE
SWELLING
VISCOSITY
VOLATILE MATTER
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DEUS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
ENERGY TRANSFER
FLUIDS
INDUSTRY
LIQUIDS
MATTER
OXIDATION
PARTICLES
POWER
STEAM GENERATION
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WOOD PRODUCTS INDUSTRY
320305* - Energy Conservation
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& Utilization- Industrial & Agricultural Processes- Industrial Waste Management
290800 - Energy Planning & Policy- Heat Utilization- (1980-)
320304 - Energy Conservation
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& Utilization- Industrial & Agricultural Processes- Waste Heat Recovery & Utilization