Animal model of human disease. Acute and chronic lead nephropathy
The rat, commonly used for studies of toxicity and cellular effects of lead, has disadvantages as a model for effects on humans. The rat has spontaneous enzootic pneumonia and progressive nephropathy as well as lead-induced kidney tumors. Studies with the Mongolian gerbil indicated large accumulations of lead in the kidneys, e.g., three times as much as in rats after 2 weeks of diets containing 1% lead. During 12 weeks of 0.25% dietary lead, intranuclear inclusions in epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules were found. Increasing numbers of tubules containing little or no epithelium were noted. There were also cytoplasmic changes representing lead inclusions similar to those in the rat. Diets with 0.25% lead acetate, fed to gerbils for 30 months, produced chronic progressive nephropathy with tubular degeneration, interstitial fibrosis, and intranuclear inclusions. Blood cell volume and corpuscular hemoglobin values approximately 30% lower than control values indicated microcytic hypochromic anemia. Red cells exhibited anisocytosis, polychromatophilia, and basophilia: their shape varied, and many of the cells were normoblasts or reticulocytes. The chronic nephropathy and microcytic hypochromic anemia resulting from long-term administration of lead to the gerbil are comparable to those observed in man. Thus, the gerbil may be useful as a model to study chronic lead poisoning in man.
- Research Organization:
- IIT Research Inst., Chicago
- OSTI ID:
- 7100315
- Journal Information:
- Am. J. Pathol.; (United States), Vol. 85:2
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
KIDNEYS
DISEASES
LEAD
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
ANEMIAS
BIOLOGICAL MODELS
CELL NUCLEI
CHRONIC INTAKE
CYTOLOGY
DIET
ERYTHROCYTES
FIBROSIS
GERBILS
HEMOGLOBIN
INGESTION
MAN
POISONING
RATS
RETICULOCYTES
TUBULES
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES
VOLUME
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGY
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CELL CONSTITUENTS
ELEMENTS
GLOBIN
HEMIC DISEASES
HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
INTAKE
MAMMALS
METALS
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PIGMENTS
PORPHYRINS
PRIMATES
PROTEINS
RODENTS
SYMPTOMS
VERTEBRATES
550900* - Pathology
550600 - Medicine
550300 - Cytology