Extended objects created by Goldstone bosons

Journal Article · Sat Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 1978 · Phys. Rev., D; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.18.520· OSTI ID:7021498

Wadati, M; Matsumoto, H; Umezawa, H

Extended objects which appear in relativistic quantum field theory with spontaneous breakdown of symmetries are studied. The extended objects are created through the condensation of the Goldstone bosons. The condensation is mathematically expressed by the boson transformation. The topological singularities are defined by means of the noncommutability condition among the derivatives acting on the boson transformation parameters which are functions of space and time coordinates. A systematic method for constructing the extended objects with topological singularities is presented. It is found that the extended objects can carry a full variety of topological singularities. Only some of the topological constants associated with these topological singularities are quantized. Though the choice of original symmetry does not restrict the choice of topological singularities, it does restrict the choice of quantized topological constants (topological quantum numbers). Special effort is devoted to the construction of the extended objects which are confined in a finite domain of the three-dimensional space. In particular, a spherical surface singularity (a ''bag'') is obtained explicitly. Furthermore, it is shown that instantaneous singularities and transient singularities are also acceptable to our scheme.

• Research Organization: Institute of Applied Physics, Tsukuba University, Ibaraki, 300-31 Japan
• OSTI ID: 7021498
• Journal Information: Phys. Rev., D; (United States), Vol. 18:2
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
EXTENDED PARTICLE MODEL
GOLDSTONE BOSONS
QUANTUM FIELD THEORY
EXPECTATION VALUE
GAUGE INVARIANCE
GROUND STATES
HEISENBERG PICTURE
QUANTUM NUMBERS
RELATIVISTIC RANGE
S MATRIX
SYMMETRY BREAKING
BOSONS
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ENERGY LEVELS
ENERGY RANGE
FIELD THEORIES
INVARIANCE PRINCIPLES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MATRICES
PARTICLE MODELS
POSTULATED PARTICLES
645400* - High Energy Physics- Field Theory