Alveolar targeting of aerosol pentamidine. Toward a rational delivery system

Journal Article · Sun Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1990 · American Review of Respiratory Disease (New York); (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/141.4_Pt_1.827· OSTI ID:7008007

Simonds, A K; Newman, S P; Johnson, M A; Talaee, N; Lee, C A; Clarke, S W ^[1]

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1. Royal Free Hospital, London (England)

Nebulizer systems that deposit a high proportion of aerosolized pentamidine on large airways are likely to be associated with marked adverse side effects, which may lead to premature cessation of treatment. We have measured alveolar deposition and large airway-related side effects (e.g., cough, breathlessness, and effect on pulmonary function) after aerosolization of 150 mg pentamidine isethionate labeled with {sup 99m}Tc-Sn-colloid. Nine patients with AIDS were studied using three nebulizer systems producing different droplet size profiles: the Acorn System 22, Respirgard II, and Respirgard II with the inspiratory baffle removed. Alveolar deposition was greatest and side effects least with the nebulizer producing the smallest droplet size profile (Respirgard II), whereas large airway-related side effects were prominent and alveolar deposition lowest with the nebulizer producing the largest droplet size (Acorn System 22). Values for alveolar deposition and adverse airway effects were intermediate using the Respirgard with inspiratory baffle removed, thus indicating the importance of the baffle valve in determining droplet size. Addition of a similar baffle valve to the Acorn System 22 produced a marked improvement in droplet size profile. Selection of a nebulizer that produces an optimal droplet size range offers the advantage of enhancing alveolar targeting of aerosolized pentamidine while reducing large airway-related side effects.

• OSTI ID: 7008007
• Journal Information: American Review of Respiratory Disease (New York); (USA), Vol. 141; ISSN 0003-0805
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
AEROSOL GENERATORS
EFFICIENCY
AEROSOLS
INHALATION
AIDS
CHEMOTHERAPY
COLLOIDS
ISOMERIC NUCLEI
MAN
PARTICLE SIZE
PATIENTS
PNEUMONIA
TECHNETIUM 99
TIN
TRACER TECHNIQUES
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
DISEASES
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
HEMIC DISEASES
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
IMMUNE SYSTEM DISEASES
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
INTAKE
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
METALS
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
PRIMATES
RADIOISOTOPES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
SIZE
SOLS
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
THERAPY
VERTEBRATES
VIRAL DISEASES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
550901* - Pathology- Tracer Techniques