Near-term batteries for electric vehicles
Major progress has been achieved in the lead-acid , nickel/iron and nickel/zinc battery technology development since the initiation of the Near-Term eV Battery Project in 1978. Against the specific energy goal of 56 wh/kg the demonstrated specific energies are 41 wh/kg for the improved lead-acid batteries, 48 wh/kg for the improved nickel/iron batteries, and 68 wh/kg for the improved nickel/zinc batteries. These specific energy values would allow an ETV-1 vehicle to have an urban range of 80 miles in the case of the improved lead-acid batteries, 96 miles for the improved nickel/zinc batteries, and 138 miles for the improved lead-acid batteries. All represent a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art lead-acid battery capability of about 30 wh/kg with approximately a 51 mile urban range for the ETV-1 vehicle. The project goal for specific power of 104 w/kg for 30 seconds at a 50% depth of discharge has been achieved for all of the technologies with the improved lead-acid demonstrating 111 w/kg, the improved nickel/iron demonstrating 103 w/kg, and the improved nickel/zinc demonstrating 131 w/kg. Again this is a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art lead-acid battery capability of 70 w/kg. Substantial progress has been made against the life cycle goal of 800 cycles as evidenced by the demonstrated lead-acid battery achievement of > 295 cycles in ongoing tests, the nickel/iron demonstrated capability of > 515 cycles in ongoing tests, and the nickel/zinc demonstrated capability of 179 cycles. Except for the nickel/zinc batteries, the demonstrated cycle life is better than the state-of-the-art lead-acid battery cycle life of about 250 cycles. Future program emphases will be on improving cycle life and further reductions in cost.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Lab., IL (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-31-109-ENG-38
- OSTI ID:
- 6532045
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-810315-13; ON: DE81023543
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 8. energy technology conference and exposition, Washington, DC, USA, 9 Mar 1981
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
29 ENERGY PLANNING
POLICY AND ECONOMY
ELECTRIC-POWERED VEHICLES
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
IRON-NICKEL BATTERIES
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
LEAD-ACID BATTERIES
NICKEL-ZINC BATTERIES
COST
PERFORMANCE
SERVICE LIFE
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
METAL-METAL OXIDE BATTERIES
VEHICLES
250901* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Design & Development
250904 - Energy Storage- Batteries- Other Applications
330300 - Advanced Propulsion Systems- Electric-Powered Systems
290700 - Energy Planning & Policy- Transport & Storage