Isolation and screening of yeasts that ferment D-xylose directly to ethanol

Nigam, J N; Ireland, R S; Margaritis, A; Lachance, M A

Title: Isolation and screening of yeasts that ferment D-xylose directly to ethanol

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Abstract

Natural habitats of yeasts were examined for the presence of strains able to produce ethanol from D-xylose. Black knots, insect frass, and tree exudates were screened by enrichment in liquid D-xylose-yeast extract medium. These and each D-xylose-assimilating yeast in a collection from cactus fruits and Drosophila spp. were tested for alcohol production from this sugar. Among the 412 isolates examined, 36 produced more than 1 g of ethanol liter/sup -1/ from 20 g of D-xylose liter/sup -1/, all under aerated conditions. Closer examination of the strains indicated that their time courses of D-xylose fermentation followed different patterns. Some strains produced more biomass than ethanol, and among these, ethanol may or may not be assimilated rapidly after depletion of D-xylose. Others produced more ethanol than biomass, but all catabolized ethanol after carbohydrate exhaustion. Ethanol production appeared best at low pH values and under mild aeration. Possible correlations between the nutritional profiles of the yeasts and their ability to produce ethanol from D-xylose were explored by multivariate analysis. D-Xylose appeared slightly better utilized by yeasts which rate poorly in terms of fermentation. The fermentation of D-glucose had no bearing on D-xylose fermentation. No specific nutritional trait could discriminate well between better D-xylosemore » fermentors and other yeasts.« less

Authors:: Nigam, J N; Ireland, R S; Margaritis, A; Lachance, M A

Publication Date:: Sun Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1985

Research Org.:: Univ. of Western Ontario, London

OSTI Identifier:: 6457633

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 50:6

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 09 BIOMASS FUELS; ETHANOL; BIOSYNTHESIS; XYLOSE; FERMENTATION; YEASTS; PRODUCTIVITY; COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS; ALCOHOLS; ALDEHYDES; BIOCONVERSION; CARBOHYDRATES; FUNGI; HYDROXY COMPOUNDS; MICROORGANISMS; MONOSACCHARIDES; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; PENTOSES; PLANTS; SACCHARIDES; SYNTHESIS; 090222* - Alcohol Fuels- Preparation from Wastes or Biomass- (1976-1989); 140504 - Solar Energy Conversion- Biomass Production & Conversion- (-1989)

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                    Nigam, J N, Ireland, R S, Margaritis, A, and Lachance, M A. Isolation and screening of yeasts that ferment D-xylose directly to ethanol.  United States: N. p., 1985. 
        Web.

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                    Nigam, J N, Ireland, R S, Margaritis, A, & Lachance, M A. Isolation and screening of yeasts that ferment D-xylose directly to ethanol.  United States.

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                    Nigam, J N, Ireland, R S, Margaritis, A, and Lachance, M A. 1985.  
        "Isolation and screening of yeasts that ferment D-xylose directly to ethanol".  United States.

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@article{osti_6457633,

  title        = {Isolation and screening of yeasts that ferment D-xylose directly to ethanol},

  author       = {Nigam, J N and Ireland, R S and Margaritis, A and Lachance, M A},

  abstractNote = {Natural habitats of yeasts were examined for the presence of strains able to produce ethanol from D-xylose. Black knots, insect frass, and tree exudates were screened by enrichment in liquid D-xylose-yeast extract medium. These and each D-xylose-assimilating yeast in a collection from cactus fruits and Drosophila spp. were tested for alcohol production from this sugar. Among the 412 isolates examined, 36 produced more than 1 g of ethanol liter/sup -1/ from 20 g of D-xylose liter/sup -1/, all under aerated conditions. Closer examination of the strains indicated that their time courses of D-xylose fermentation followed different patterns. Some strains produced more biomass than ethanol, and among these, ethanol may or may not be assimilated rapidly after depletion of D-xylose. Others produced more ethanol than biomass, but all catabolized ethanol after carbohydrate exhaustion. Ethanol production appeared best at low pH values and under mild aeration. Possible correlations between the nutritional profiles of the yeasts and their ability to produce ethanol from D-xylose were explored by multivariate analysis. D-Xylose appeared slightly better utilized by yeasts which rate poorly in terms of fermentation. The fermentation of D-glucose had no bearing on D-xylose fermentation. No specific nutritional trait could discriminate well between better D-xylose fermentors and other yeasts.},

  doi          = {},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6457633},
  journal      = {Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States)},
number       = ,

  volume       = 50:6,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Sun Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1985},

  month        = {Sun Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 1985}

}

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