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Title: A novel concept for high conversion of coal to liquids

Abstract

The overall objective of this work is to demonstrate conversion of coal to produce at least 70% by weight of the coal as liquids, with ratios of liquids to gases in excess of 10/1, resulting in low hydrogen consumption and a significant reduction in the cost of producing hydrocarbon liquid fuels from coal. Utilizing a small continuous-flow reactor designed and constructed for this research, the maximum possible ratio of liquids to gases will be defined, operating at short residence times of a few seconds, at the same time converting more than 70% of the carbon in the coal to liquids. The practical ability to attain coal particle center-line temperatures of 500 {degree}C in one second or less, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow, will also be demonstrated. Particle heat-up rates for a few selected system pressures and particle sizes will be determined. Catalysts will be screened and selected for sufficient activity and selectivity. Particle heat-up rates for small coal particles slurried in a super-critical hydrocarbon-type fluid will be examined, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow as the heat transfer medium.

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Utah Univ., Salt Lake City, UT (USA). Dept. of Fuels Engineering
Sponsoring Org.:
DOE/FE
OSTI Identifier:
6355849
Report Number(s):
DOE/PC/88817-T7
ON: DE91002472
DOE Contract Number:
AC22-88PC88817
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT; COAL LIQUEFACTION; ECONOMICS; HYDROGEN; TURBULENT FLOW; CATALYSTS; CHEMICAL REACTORS; COAL LIQUIDS; EQUIPMENT; GASES; PROGRESS REPORT; QUANTITY RATIO; DOCUMENT TYPES; ELEMENTS; FLUID FLOW; FLUIDS; LIQUEFACTION; LIQUIDS; NONMETALS; THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; 010405* - Coal, Lignite, & Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction

Citation Formats

Wiser, W.H., and Shabtai, J. A novel concept for high conversion of coal to liquids. United States: N. p., 1990. Web. doi:10.2172/6355849.
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Wiser, W.H., & Shabtai, J. A novel concept for high conversion of coal to liquids. United States. doi:10.2172/6355849.
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Wiser, W.H., and Shabtai, J. Fri . "A novel concept for high conversion of coal to liquids". United States. doi:10.2172/6355849. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/6355849.
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@article{osti_6355849,
title = {A novel concept for high conversion of coal to liquids},
author = {Wiser, W.H. and Shabtai, J.},
abstractNote = {The overall objective of this work is to demonstrate conversion of coal to produce at least 70% by weight of the coal as liquids, with ratios of liquids to gases in excess of 10/1, resulting in low hydrogen consumption and a significant reduction in the cost of producing hydrocarbon liquid fuels from coal. Utilizing a small continuous-flow reactor designed and constructed for this research, the maximum possible ratio of liquids to gases will be defined, operating at short residence times of a few seconds, at the same time converting more than 70% of the carbon in the coal to liquids. The practical ability to attain coal particle center-line temperatures of 500 {degree}C in one second or less, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow, will also be demonstrated. Particle heat-up rates for a few selected system pressures and particle sizes will be determined. Catalysts will be screened and selected for sufficient activity and selectivity. Particle heat-up rates for small coal particles slurried in a super-critical hydrocarbon-type fluid will be examined, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow as the heat transfer medium.},
doi = {10.2172/6355849},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1990},
month = {Fri Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1990}
}
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Technical Report:
View Technical Report (0.27 MB)
DOI:  10.2172/6355849
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  • ;
    The overall objective of this work is to demonstrate conversion of coal to produce at least 70% by weight of the coal as liquids, with ratios of liquids to gases in excess of 10/1, resulting in low hydrogen consumption and a significant reduction in the cost of producing hydrocarbon liquid fuels from coal. Utilizing a small continuous-flow reactor designed and constructed for this research, the maximum possible ratio of liquids to gases will be defined, operating at short residence times of a few seconds, at the same time converting more than 70% of the carbon in the coal to liquids.more » This quarter, work continued on the reactor design and modifications.« less

  • ;
    The overall objective of this work is to demonstrate conversion of coal to produce at lest 70% by weight of the coal as liquids, with ratios of liquids to gases in excess of 10/1, resulting in low hydrogen consumption and a significant reduction in the cost of producing hydrocarbon liquid fuels from coal. Utilizing a small continuous-flow reactor designed and constructed for this research, the maximum possible ratio of liquids to gases will be defined, operating at short residence times of a few seconds, at the same time converting more than 70% of the carbon in the coal to liquids.more » The practical ability to attain coal particle center-line temperatures of 500{degrees}C in one second or less, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow, will also be demonstrated. Particle heat-up rates for a few selected system pressure and particles sizes will be determined. Catalysts will be screened and selected for sufficient activity and selectivity to achieve the desired yields, with potential for operation within satisfactory economic boundaries as to cost, recoverability and regeneration. Particle heat-up rates for small coal particles slurried in a super-critical hydrocarbon-type fluid will be examined, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow as the heat transfer medium. 2 refs., 6 figs.« less

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    The overall objective of this work is to demonstrate conversion of coal to produce at least 70% by weight of the coal as liquids, with ratios of liquids to gases in excess of 10/1, resulting in low hydrogen consumption and a significant reduction in the cost of producing hydrocarbon liquid fuels from coal. Utilizing a small continuous-flow reactor designed and constructed for this research, the maximum possible ratio of liquids to gases will be defined, operating at short residence times of a few seconds, at the same time converting more than 70% of the carbon in the coal to liquids.more » The practical ability to attain coal particle center-line temperatures of 500/degree/C in one second or less, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow, will also be demonstrated. Particle heat-up rates for a few selected system pressures and particle sizes will be determined. Catalysts will be screened and selected for sufficient activity and selectivity to achieve the desired yields, with potential for operation within satisfactory economic boundaries as to cost, recoverability and regeneration. Particle heat-up rates for small coal particles slurried in a supercritical hydrocarbon-type fluid will be examined, using hot hydrogen gas in turbulent flow as the heat transfer medium.« less

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    A batch microreactor was designed and fabricated as a means of investigating maximum yields of liquids obtainable in very short reaction times of the order of a few seconds, and the maximum ratios of liquids/hydrocarbon (HC) gases obtainable under those conditions. A Wyodak sub-bituminous coal, crushed and sieved to {minus}200 mesh particle size, was used in the experiments, with a temperature of 500{degrees}C and a pressure of 1500 psi. The fine coal particles were fed dry to the reactor and heated to reaction temperature in times of one to two seconds. At a time of 3 seconds at reaction temperature,more » in a single pass a liquid yield of 60% by weight of the coal was obtained, accompanied by a ratio of liquids/(HC) gases of 30/1. When the unreacted solids were recycled to the reactor, and the results combined with those of the first pass, a liquid yield of 82% by weight of the coal was achieved, accompanied by a ratio of liquids/HC gases of 30/1. This ratio represents only about 3 wt percent HC gases, much lower that is produced in current advanced technologies, and represents a large saving in hydrogen consumption. A simulated distillation technique was applied to the liquids. The liquid product contained 86% by weight (of the liquids) total distillables (boiling point below 538{degrees}C), including 70% by weight of low-boiling fractions in the gasoline, kerosene and gas oil range (boiling point up to 325{degrees}C). The liquid product exhibited a H/C ratio of 1.5, which is considerably higher than observed in current advanced technologies for the primary liquids. Several catalysts were investigated. Iron catalysts, specifically ferric chloride hexahydrate and ferric sulfate pentahydrate, each produced these high conversions and high ratios of liquids/HC gases.« less