DNA repair in human bronchial epithelial cells
The purpose of this investigation was to compare the response of human cell types (bronchial epithelial cells and fibroblasts and skin fibroblasts) to various DNA damaging agents. Repair of DNA single strand breaks (SSB) induced by 5 krads of X-ray was similar for all cell types; approximately 90% of the DNA SSB were rejoined within one hour. During excision repair of DNA damage from u.v.-radiation, the frequencies of DNA SSB as estimated by the alkaline elution technique, were similar in all cell types. Repair replication as measured by BND cellulose chromatography was also similar in epithelial and fibroblastic cells after u.v.-irradiation. Similar levels of SSB were also observed in epithelial and fibroblastic cells after exposure to chemical carcinogens: 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene; benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE); or N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Significant repair replication of BPDE-induced DNA damage was detected in both bronchial epithelial and fibroblastic cells, although the level in fibroblasts was approximately 40% of that in epithelial cells. The pulmonary carcinogen asbestos did not damage DNA. DNA-protein crosslinks induced by formaldehyde were rapidly removed in bronchial cells. Further, epithelial and fibroblastic cells, which were incubated with formaldehyde and the polymerase inhibitor combination of cytosine arabinoside and hydroxyurea, accumulated DNA SSB at approximately equal frequencies. These results should provide a useful background for further investigations of the response of human bronchial cells to various DNA damaging agents.
- Research Organization:
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Cancer Intramural Program, Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
- OSTI ID:
- 6252717
- Journal Information:
- Carcinogenesis (N.Y.); (United States), Vol. 3:12
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CARCINOGENS
GENETIC EFFECTS
DNA
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
STRAND BREAKS
EPITHELIUM
GENETIC RADIATION EFFECTS
FIBROBLASTS
CARCINOGENESIS
CELL CULTURES
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
X RADIATION
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMAL TISSUES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BODY
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
SOMATIC CELLS
TISSUES
560301* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Cells- (-1987)
560121 - Radiation Effects on Cells- External Source- (-1987)