Improved coal liquefaction using carbon-supported hydrogenation catalysts: Final technical report for the period October 1983-March 1987
Various carbons have been prepared (or obtained from commercial sources) and their potential application as catalyst supports investigated, with and without modification to the surface functionality by nitriding and oxidation. Relatively large amounts of nitrogen (3.74%) were introduced into a commercially prepared mesopore carbon (Ambersorb XE-348), which was therefore selected as the principal carbon support. Compared to catalysts prepared upon the original and preoxidized supports (by impregnation with a 90% H/sub 2/O/10% EtOH solution of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate), low metal loadings (3% wt Mo) on the nitrided (at 873/sup 0/K for 1.5 h) support resulted in greatly enhanced hydrogenative activity, as evidenced by the higher asphaltene conversion to oils, with low attendant coke deposition. In the temperature range 648 to 723/sup 0/K at short reaction times (up to about 2 h) and an initial hydrogen pressure of 6.9 MPa, apparent activation energies of 44.7 and 35.2 kcal mol/sup -1/, respectively, were obtained for the noncatalyzed and catalyzed (3% wt Mo on the prenitrided Ambersorb XE-348) conversion of coal asphaltene into oils. The corresponding preexponential factors were 1.3 x 10/sup 9/ s/sup -1/ and 6.3 x 10/sup 6/ s/sup -1/. Since catalytic activity is reported to be influenced by the nature of the metal-containing precursor, catalysts were prepared by the impregnation of different porous carbons with ammonium heptamolybdate and two organometallic precursors: molybdenum-acetylacetonate and molybdenumtricarbonyltriacetonitrile. The activities of the sulfided catalysts were measured for thiophene hydrodesulfurization in a continuous flow, atmospheric pressure reactor. For a given support and at similar metal loadings, the organometallic precursors conferred much higher HDS activities than the ammonium salt precursors. 150 refs., 41 figs., 32 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC22-83PC60050
- OSTI ID:
- 6116996
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/PC/60050-12; ON: DE87012716
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products. Original copy available until stock is exhausted
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CATALYST SUPPORTS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CATALYSTS
CHEMICAL PREPARATION
PERFORMANCE TESTING
HYDROGENATION
ORGANIC SOLVENTS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
RECYCLING
ADSORPTION
ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS
COAL LIQUEFACTION
DESORPTION
DESULFURIZATION
FOURIER TRANSFORMATION
INFRARED SPECTRA
NITRIDATION
NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
OXIDATION
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
POROSIMETERS
SURFACE AREA
THIOPHENE
TOLUENE
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ALKYLATED AROMATICS
AROMATICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COHERENT SCATTERING
DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
INTEGRAL TRANSFORMATIONS
ISOTHERMS
LIQUEFACTION
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
RESONANCE
SCATTERING
SOLVENTS
SORPTION
SPECTRA
SPECTROSCOPY
SURFACE PROPERTIES
SYNTHESIS
TESTING
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRANSFORMATIONS
010405* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction