Influence of ozone, sulfur dioxide, and salinity on leaf injury, stomatal resistance, growth, and chemical composition of bean plants
Bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) growing in half-strength Hoagland solutions modified to provide three salinity levels of -40, -240, and -440 kPa, were exposed four times to 390 ..mu..g m/sup -3/ O/sub 3/, 520 ..mu..g m/sup -3/ SO/sub 2/, and 390 ..mu..g m/sup -3/ O/sub 3/ + 520 ..mu..g m/sup -3/ SO/sub 2/. Plants fumigated with SO/sub 2/ alone showed no injury. Primary leaves of O/sub 3/-treated plants were injured more than those of plants fumigated with the combination of O/sub 3/ and SO/sub 2/. Pollutant injury to leaves decreased as salinity increased. Stomatal resistance on the abaxial surface of primary leaves of SO/sub 2/, and especially of (O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/)-treated plants, increased sharply during fumigations, and returned to prefumigation levels the next day. Stomatal resistances of O/sub 3/-treated plants were similar to nonfumigated plants during the first phase of the experiment, but after the last fumigation, this resistance returned to essentially normal only in plants growing at the highest salinity level. Plant growth was suppressed by increased salinity. Root growth on O/sub 3/- and (O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/)-treated plants was reduced at all salinity levels. As salinity increased, plants accumulated Cl and Ca. Sodium increased in stems and roots, and decreased in leaves of plants grown in high Na-nutrient solutions. Plants fumigated with SO/sub 2/ and (O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/) had higher S content in roots than nonfumigated and O/sub 3/-treated plants. The highest S content in leaves was found in SO/sub 2/-treated plants at the -40 kPa salinity level. Accumulation of Ca in leaves and of Mg in roots was lowest in plants fumigated with O/sub 3/ alone and (O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/). Plants fumigated with O/sub 3/ alone and (O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/) accumulated more K in stems and leaves, and more Fe in roots and leaves, compared with nonfumigated and SO/sub 2/-treated plants. The O/sub 3/ and (O/sub 3/ + SO/sub 2/) effects on mineral content of the plants was suppressed by salinity. 49 references, 4 figures, 2 tables.
- Research Organization:
- Botanical Garden, Warsaw, Poland
- OSTI ID:
- 6094238
- Journal Information:
- J. Environ. Qual.; (United States), Vol. 12:3
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
AIR POLLUTION
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
INHIBITION
INJURIES
LEAVES
NUTRIENTS
OZONE
PHASEOLUS
PLANT GROWTH
SALINITY
STOMATA
SULFUR DIOXIDE
CHALCOGENIDES
DATA
GROWTH
INFORMATION
LEGUMINOSAE
NUMERICAL DATA
OPENINGS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PLANTS
POLLUTION
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR OXIDES
560303* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Plants- (-1987)