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Title: Effect of inflation on anisotropic cosmologies

Abstract

The effects of anisotropic cosmologies on inflation are studied. By properly formulating the field equations it is possible to show that any model that undergoes sufficient inflation will become isotropic on scales greater than the horizon today. Furthermore, we shall show that it takes a very long time for anisotropies to become visible in the observable part of the Universe. It is interesting to note that the time scale will be independent of the Bianchi Model and of the initial anisotropy. 6 refs.

Authors:
;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL (USA)
OSTI Identifier:
6020214
Report Number(s):
FNAL/Pub-86/48-A
ON: DE86009993
DOE Contract Number:
AC02-76CH03000
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Resource Relation:
Other Information: Portions of this document are illegible in microfiche products
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; COSMOLOGY; ANISOTROPY; EINSTEIN FIELD EQUATIONS; ENERGY-MOMENTUM TENSOR; INFLATION; UNIVERSE; EQUATIONS; FIELD EQUATIONS; TENSORS; 640106* - Astrophysics & Cosmology- Cosmology

Citation Formats

Jensen, L.G., and Stein-Schabes, J.A. Effect of inflation on anisotropic cosmologies. United States: N. p., 1986. Web. doi:10.2172/6020214.
Jensen, L.G., & Stein-Schabes, J.A. Effect of inflation on anisotropic cosmologies. United States. doi:10.2172/6020214.
Jensen, L.G., and Stein-Schabes, J.A. Sat . "Effect of inflation on anisotropic cosmologies". United States. doi:10.2172/6020214. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/6020214.
@article{osti_6020214,
title = {Effect of inflation on anisotropic cosmologies},
author = {Jensen, L.G. and Stein-Schabes, J.A.},
abstractNote = {The effects of anisotropic cosmologies on inflation are studied. By properly formulating the field equations it is possible to show that any model that undergoes sufficient inflation will become isotropic on scales greater than the horizon today. Furthermore, we shall show that it takes a very long time for anisotropies to become visible in the observable part of the Universe. It is interesting to note that the time scale will be independent of the Bianchi Model and of the initial anisotropy. 6 refs.},
doi = {10.2172/6020214},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1986},
month = {Sat Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1986}
}

Technical Report:

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  • We study the effects of anisotropic cosmologies on inflation. By properly formulating the field equations it is possible to show that any model that undergoes sufficient inflation will become isotropic on scales greater than the horizon today. Furthermore, we shall show that it takes a very long time for anisotropies to become visible in the observable part of the Universe. It is interesting to note that the time scale will be independent of the Bianchi model and of the initial anisotropy.
  • We review the behavior of the chaotic inflationary scenario in the minimally coupled anisotropic case and in the nonminimally coupled isotropic case. In the former, anisotropy enhances inflation. In the latter, positive nonminimal coupling introduces a singularity at a critical point phi-circumflex/sub c/ in the scalar field. The exact value of phi-circumflex/sub c/ depends on the coupling parameter xi. This singularity cannot be exceeded, which precludes astrophysically sufficient inflation for xiapprox. >10/sup -2/. We extend the analysis to anisotropic Bianchi models where a second singularity phi/sub c/ appears, which further prevents inflation in these models for xiapprox. >10/sup -2/.
  • The technical literature indicates that most vehicles on the road are operated with underinflated tires. Since tire energy dissipation increases at lower tire inflation pressure and vehicle fuel consumption increases with increasing tire energy dissipation, a vehicle with underinflated tires will consume more fuel than it would with properly inflated tires. Consequently, a program to increase average tire inflation pressure on in-use vehicles would result in significant fuel savings. The 1977 emission factors program conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Motor Vehicle Emission Laboratory provided an opportunity to gather tire inflation data from in-use vehicles. This report discusses themore » analysis of these data and proposes a simple approach to increase tire inflation pressure and reduce U.S. fuel consumption.« less
  • Cost estimates for nuclear power plants currently under construction are on the order of four billion dollars. It will be shown, in this paper, that this is a direct consequence of relatively high inflation rates and relatively long construction times. If either inflation rates or construction times, or a combination thereof, should decrease significantly, cost estimates for nuclear power plants could return to approximately two billion dollars.
  • The anomalous skin effect in a plasma with a highly anisotropic electron velocity distribution function (EVDF) is very different from skin effect in a plasma with the isotropic EVDF. An analytical solution was derived for the electric field penetrated into plasma with the EVDF described as a Maxwellian with two temperatures Tx >> Tz, where x is the direction along the plasma boundary and z is the direction perpendicular to the plasma boundary. The skin layer was found to consist of two distinctive regions of width of order nTx/w and nTz/w, where nTx,z/w = (Tx,z/m)1/2 is the thermal electron velocitymore » and w is the incident wave frequency.« less