Improved glass-ceramic to metal seals in actuator and detonator applications with an aluminum-containing austenitic stainless steel
Requirements for the formation of a strong, hermetic seal between a glass-ceramic and a metal, in actuator and detonator applications, were reviewed. The necessary parameters are: (1) a high strength metal; (2) a match in the thermal expansion coefficient between the metal and glass-ceramic; (3) wettability of the metal by the glass; and (4) the chemical compatibility at the glass-ceramic/metal interface at sealing temperatures. An Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer, acting as a buffer between the glass and the metal, should be included to protect the metal from the glass attack. A model was proposed and tested with an aluminum-containing alloy (899) which formed a tightly adhering Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer when pre-sealed heated in air. This Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ layer was verified by Auger electron spectroscopy and is wettable by the glass and chemically compatible with it, as seen in the optical photomicrographs. The coefficients of thermal expansion for the oxide layer and the alumina-rich glass/oxide boundary were found to be acceptable. 23 refs., 7 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Monsanto Research Corp., Miamisburg, OH (USA). Mound
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76DP00053
- OSTI ID:
- 5554924
- Report Number(s):
- MLM-3478(OP); CONF-871234-8; ON: DE88004691
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: ASME winter meeting, Boston, MA, USA, 13 Dec 1987; Other Information: Paper copy only, copy does not permit microfiche production
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
SEALS
WETTABILITY
AUSTENITIC STEELS
CERAMICS
GLASS
INCONEL 718
PYROTECHNIC DEVICES
STAINLESS STEEL-304
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
CHEMICAL BONDS
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
COATINGS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DETONATORS
ETCHING
INTERFACES
POROSITY
THERMAL EXPANSION
YIELD STRENGTH
ALLOYS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
CHROMIUM STEELS
CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEELS
CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS
EXPANSION
HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS
HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS
INCONEL ALLOYS
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
MATERIALS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS
NICKEL ALLOYS
NICKEL BASE ALLOYS
NIOBIUM ALLOYS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
STAINLESS STEELS
STEELS
SURFACE FINISHING
360603* - Materials- Properties
360104 - Metals & Alloys- Physical Properties
360102 - Metals & Alloys- Structure & Phase Studies