Ground-coupled heat pumps with low-temperature heat storage: Some Swedish experiences
A large research program in the field of solar-coupled heat pumps with seasonal storage in the ground, using vertical pipes to a depth of 10-40 m has been going on for several years in Sweden. In this paper, some main results from two experimental plants are presented. As well, results from a technical-economic optimization study are discussed. In these calculations, comparisons are made among systems using ambient-air natural convection heat exchangers, low-temperature solar collectors, and ''conventional'' ambient-air heat pumps without storage. One of the experimental plants heats a school and consists of low-temperature solar collectors on the roof, four diesel-driven heat pumps, and a storage system with vertical pipes in clay, depth 35 m. Seasonal performance factors (SPF's) are 3.6 (heat pumps) and 1.7 (total system). The other plant is an experimental one for a single-family house with an electrically driven heat pump, natural convection heat exchangers on the roof, and a storage system in clay, depth 10 m. Annual SPF's are 3.0 (heat pump) and 2.5 (including all auxiliary electricity consumption). Systems evaluation calculations indicate optimal sizes of the three main components, although the optimas are flat. The difference in economy between systems with solar collectors and with natural convection heat exchangers are small. However, systems with solar or ambient-air heat collectors and storage systems cannot today compete economically with ambient-air heat pumps without storage systems, at least if Swedish conditions are assumed.
- Research Organization:
- Dept. of Heat and Power Tech., Chalmers Univ. of Tech., Goteborg
- OSTI ID:
- 5551698
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-850606-
- Journal Information:
- ASHRAE Trans.; (United States), Vol. 91:2B; Conference: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers' semiannual meeting, Honolulu, HI, USA, 23 Jun 1985
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
25 ENERGY STORAGE
GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
PERFORMANCE
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
HOUSES
SEASONAL THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE
SCHOOL BUILDINGS
AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
CLAYS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DIESEL ENGINES
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ELECTRIC POWER
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
HEAT EXCHANGERS
HEATING
NATURAL CONVECTION
OPTIMIZATION
PIPES
SEASONAL VARIATIONS
SOLAR COLLECTORS
SWEDEN
BUILDINGS
CONVECTION
ECONOMICS
EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
ENERGY STORAGE
ENERGY TRANSFER
ENGINES
EQUIPMENT
EUROPE
HEAT ENGINES
HEAT PUMPS
HEAT STORAGE
HEAT TRANSFER
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
MASS TRANSFER
POWER
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
SCANDINAVIA
SOLAR EQUIPMENT
STORAGE
VARIATIONS
WESTERN EUROPE
320101* - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- Residential Buildings- (-1987)
320103 - Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization- School
Municipal
& Other Public Buildings- (-1987)
250600 - Energy Storage- Thermal