Proceedings of an international workshop on historic dose experience and dose reduction (ALARA) at nuclear power plants
Dose reduction data and experience from 28 foreign and 10 US nuclear power plants was examined to determine causes for the wide variations in occupational dose from country to country. Major topics discussed were: steam generator and refueling maintenance problems; utility and supplier ALARA programs; effectiveness of dose-reduction modifications; attitudes and training; current and future dose-reduction research. While many parameters contribute to differences of occupational doses between plants from different nations, it is clear that most US plants have higher collective dose equivalent per reactor per megawatt-year than most other countries, even for plants of similar size and age. Worldwide, Finnish and Swedish plants, both PWR and BWR, have achieved the lowest values. Major factors which contribute to low doses include: (1) minimization of cobalt in primary system components exposed to water; (2) careful plant design, layout and component segregation and shielding; (3) plant standardization; (4) selection of components and systems for increased reliability; (5) management interest and commitment; (6) minimum number of workers and in-depth worker training; (7) careful control of primary system oxygen and pH; (8) good primary system water purity to minimize corrosion product formation; (9) use of special tools and robotics; (10) decontamination and passivation of primary systems and components; and (11) extent of backfitting and mandated inspections.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-76CH00016
- OSTI ID:
- 5337043
- Report Number(s):
- NUREG/CP-0066; BNL-NUREG-51901; CONF-840575-; ON: TI85018195
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: International workshop on historical dose experience and dose reduction at nuclear power plants, Upton, NY, USA, 29 May 1984
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
ALARA
REACTOR OPERATORS
RADIATION DOSES
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
RADIATION PROTECTION
DOSES
NUCLEAR FACILITIES
PERSONNEL
POWER PLANTS
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
220900* - Nuclear Reactor Technology- Reactor Safety
560151 - Radiation Effects on Animals- Man