Biomass fuels in the developing countries: An overview
- Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (USA)
This report presents an overview of what is known about current patterns of biofuels supply and use in the developing countries. We illustrate the diversity of biofuels use, and discuss how use changes with urbanization and commercialization of biofuels. We present information on sources of biofuels, describe the basic technologies employed for using biofuels, and discuss the key factors involved in assessing change in biofuels use over time. We present biofuels consumption data from a number of surveys, and discuss the main factors that shape the level of use of different biofuels. We discuss the responses of rural people to the increasing fuelwood scarcity that is occurring in many parts of the developing world. We describe the transition from biofuels to modern fuels that occurs in cities, and discuss the factors that inhibit this transition. We present estimates of national biofuels consumption for 17 of the largest biofuels-using countries and for larger regions. We discuss the relationship between human use of biofuels and greenhouse gas emissions. Lastly, we present a discussion of policies designed to affect biofuels supply and demand, describing the experience with and prospects for increasing biofuels supply, improving end-use efficiency, and encouraging the transition away from biofuels. 61 refs., 18 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE/EH
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC03-76SF00098
- OSTI ID:
- 5319599
- Report Number(s):
- LBL-27222; ON: DE90002616
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
29 ENERGY PLANNING
POLICY AND ECONOMY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
PUBLIC POLICY
RURAL AREAS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
SOLID FUELS
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
USES
URBAN AREAS
AFRICA
ASIA
BIOMASS
CARBON DIOXIDE
EFFICIENCY
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
LATIN AMERICA
MIDDLE EAST
SUPPLY AND DEMAND
SYNTHETIC FUELS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
ENERGY SOURCES
FUELS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
095000* - Biomass Fuels- Environmental Aspects- (1990-)
540220 - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
093000 - Biomass Fuels- Economic
Industrial
& Business Aspects- (1990-)
290400 - Energy Planning & Policy- Energy Resources