Review of scratch test studies of abrasion mechanisms

Conference · Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1986

OSTI ID:5304044

Kosel, T H

The use of scratch tests to simulate the material removal mechanisms which occur during abrasion is reviewed. Although useful studies of the effect of the rake angle on material removal have been carried out using diamond tools, closer simulation of the mechanisms of material removal can be obtained using actual irregular individual abrasive particles as scratch tools. Previous studies are reviewed in which scratch tests have been performed with both conventional scratch test instruments and a specially designed system used for )ital in situ) scratch tests in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Multiple-pass scratch tests over the same scratch path have been shown to create surface features and wear debris particles which are very similar to those produced by low-stress abrasion. Alumina (Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/) particles have been shown to produce continuous micromachining chips from the hard, brittle carbide phase of Stellite alloys, establishing direct cutting as the important mechanism of material removal for this type of abrasive. An )ital in situ) study of material removal from white cast irons by quartz particles has provided conclusive evidence that carbide removal does not occur by direct cutting but rather always involves microfracture. Previously unpublished work which has compared scratch tests with crushed quartz and alumina particles is included. Also described is a new scratch test system which controls the depth of cut rather than the scratch load in order to simulate high-stress abrasion, in which abrasive particles are constrained to a fixed depth of cut. Preliminary new results show substantially different carbide fracture behavior under fixed-depth conditions. 8 figs., 20 refs.

• Research Organization: Notre Dame Univ., IN (USA). Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-81ER10963
• OSTI ID: 5304044
• Report Number(s): DOE/ER/10963-6; CONF-840766-5; ON: TI88008356
• Resource Relation: Conference: 17. annual convention of the International Metallographic Society, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 15 Jul 1984
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
ABRASION
MATERIALS TESTING
ABRASIVES
ALLOYS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
CARBIDES
CAST IRON
PARTICLES
QUARTZ
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
STELLITE
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
COBALT ALLOYS
COBALT BASE ALLOYS
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS
HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
IRON CARBIDES
IRON COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
MICROSCOPY
MINERALS
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
TESTING
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TUNGSTEN ALLOYS
420500* - Engineering- Materials Testing
360103 - Metals & Alloys- Mechanical Properties