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Title: Zinc electrodeposition and dendritic growth from zinc-halide electrolytes. Final report

Abstract

Roughness evolution and dendritic growth restrict the thickness of electroplated zinc during the charge of zinc/halogen batteries and thereby impose operating and economic limitations on their application. Although technologically important, there has so far been little fundamental understanding of dendritic growth and, in the absence of an adequate theory, the phenomenon has been treated mostly empirically. A systematic theoretical and experimental study quantitatively characterizing roughness and dendrite evolution on zinc electrodes is reported here. Comprehensive models were theoretically derived accounting for the initiation and for the propagation rates of dendrites in terms of system parameters including the current, applied potential, reaction kinetics, surface energy, macroscopic and microscopic geometry and convective flow. Morphological stability criteria were applied to define conditions under which electrodes are expected to remain smooth. The macroscopic current and potential distribution in flow cells were calculated and then coupled with analytical models for dendritic growth to provide the growth history and distribution of roughness elements along extended electrodes. Experimental studies of roughness evolution in electrodeposition under well-defined conditions were performed together with kinetic and transport measurements. Careful experimental measurementsand a theoretical study of the impedance of electrodes undergoing electrodeposition were conducted also. Good agreement was observed between themore » experimental dendritic growth measurements and theoretical predictions.« less

Authors:
; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (USA). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Illinois Inst. of Tech., Chicago (USA). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
OSTI Identifier:
5272994
Report Number(s):
EPRI-EM-2393
ON: DE82905357
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Resource Relation:
Other Information: Portions of document are illegible
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
25 ENERGY STORAGE; ZINC; DENDRITES; ELECTRODEPOSITION; ZINC-BROMINE BATTERIES; ELECTRICAL FAULTS; ZINC-CHLORINE BATTERIES; ANALYTICAL SOLUTION; BATTERY CHARGING; CRYSTAL GROWTH; DEPOSITION; ELECTRIC CURRENTS; ELECTRIC IMPEDANCE; ELECTRODES; ELECTROLYTES; HALIDES; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; OVERVOLTAGE; PERFORMANCE; ROUGHNESS; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; ZINC BROMIDES; ZINC CHLORIDES; ZINC COMPOUNDS; BROMIDES; BROMINE COMPOUNDS; CHLORIDES; CHLORINE COMPOUNDS; CRYSTALS; CURRENTS; DISTRIBUTION; ELECTRIC BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; ELECTROLYSIS; ELEMENTS; HALOGEN COMPOUNDS; IMPEDANCE; LYSIS; METAL-GAS BATTERIES; METAL-NONMETAL BATTERIES; METALS; SURFACE COATING; SURFACE PROPERTIES; ZINC HALIDES; 250901* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Design & Development

Citation Formats

Landau, U, Cahan, B D, and Selman, J R. Zinc electrodeposition and dendritic growth from zinc-halide electrolytes. Final report. United States: N. p., 1982. Web.
Landau, U, Cahan, B D, & Selman, J R. Zinc electrodeposition and dendritic growth from zinc-halide electrolytes. Final report. United States.
Landau, U, Cahan, B D, and Selman, J R. 1982. "Zinc electrodeposition and dendritic growth from zinc-halide electrolytes. Final report". United States.
@article{osti_5272994,
title = {Zinc electrodeposition and dendritic growth from zinc-halide electrolytes. Final report},
author = {Landau, U and Cahan, B D and Selman, J R},
abstractNote = {Roughness evolution and dendritic growth restrict the thickness of electroplated zinc during the charge of zinc/halogen batteries and thereby impose operating and economic limitations on their application. Although technologically important, there has so far been little fundamental understanding of dendritic growth and, in the absence of an adequate theory, the phenomenon has been treated mostly empirically. A systematic theoretical and experimental study quantitatively characterizing roughness and dendrite evolution on zinc electrodes is reported here. Comprehensive models were theoretically derived accounting for the initiation and for the propagation rates of dendrites in terms of system parameters including the current, applied potential, reaction kinetics, surface energy, macroscopic and microscopic geometry and convective flow. Morphological stability criteria were applied to define conditions under which electrodes are expected to remain smooth. The macroscopic current and potential distribution in flow cells were calculated and then coupled with analytical models for dendritic growth to provide the growth history and distribution of roughness elements along extended electrodes. Experimental studies of roughness evolution in electrodeposition under well-defined conditions were performed together with kinetic and transport measurements. Careful experimental measurementsand a theoretical study of the impedance of electrodes undergoing electrodeposition were conducted also. Good agreement was observed between the experimental dendritic growth measurements and theoretical predictions.},
doi = {},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5272994}, journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Sat May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1982},
month = {Sat May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1982}
}

Technical Report:
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