Indoor air pollutants from unvented kerosene heater emissions in mobile homes: Studies on particles, semivolatile organics, carbon monoxide, and mutagenicity
- Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
- Environmental Health Research and Testing, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
- Battelle, Columbus, OH (United States)
This study assessed human exposure to air pollutants from unvented kerosene heaters in mobile homes. Eight electric homes with no smokers were monitored for airborne particles of < 10 {mu}m in diameter (PM{sub 10}), semivolatile organics, and carbon monoxide with the kerosene heaters on and off. The organic emissions were assayed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), nitro-PAH, and for mutagenicity in a Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay. Usage of kerosene heaters resulted in (a) a significant increase in CO and organic levels (including carcinogenic PAH and nitro-PAH), (b) no significant effect on PM{sub 10} levels, except in two homes, (c) the presence of unburned kerosene fuel, (d) an increase in mutagenicity (in TA98) of particle-phase organics in five homes, and (e) little mutagenicity in the semivolatile organics in TA98 and TA100. Four of the eight heaters investigated emitted pollutants that exceeded the US ambient air standards for the 24-h PM{sub 10} standard and/or CO standards (the 1-h peak or 8-h average standard). This study showed that kerosene heater emissions can significantly impact indoor air quality in mobile homes.
- OSTI ID:
- 5253308
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Science and Technology; (United States), Vol. 25:10; ISSN 0013-936X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
HEATERS
AIR POLLUTION MONITORING
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
EMISSION
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY
HEATING OILS
KEROSENE
MOBILE HOMES
MUTAGEN SCREENING
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
POLLUTANTS
POLLUTION SOURCES
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
AIR POLLUTION
AROMATICS
BACTERIA
BUILDINGS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL OILS
FUELS
GAS OILS
HYDROCARBONS
LIQUID FUELS
MICROORGANISMS
MONITORING
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
SALMONELLA
SCREENING
020900* - Petroleum- Environmental Aspects
320107 - Energy Conservation
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540120 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)