The spinel phase of LiMn sub 2 O sub 4 as a cathode in secondary lithium cells

Journal Article · Tue Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1991 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2085330· OSTI ID:5239372

Tarascon, J M; Wang, E; Shokoohi, F K ^[1]; McKinnon, W R ^[2]; Colson, S ^[3]

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1. Bell Communications Research, Red Bank, NJ (US)
2. Ottawa Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R9 (CA)
3. Rutgers, State Univ. of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ (US)

The electrochemical properties of LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} and LiM{sub y}Mn{sub 2{minus}y}O{sub 4} (M = Ti, Ge, Fe, Zn, or Ni) were studied for different conditions of sample preparation and different degrees of cation substitution (y). This paper reports that in the voltage range 3.5-4.5 V, cells of either spinel LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} or {lambda}-MnO{sub 2} (made by leaching the Li from LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}) reversibly insert 0.4 Li per Mn at an average voltage of 4.1 V, leading to an energy density of 480 Wh/kg of cathode. Cells cycled 50 times lost less than 10% of their initial capacity, suggesting that this material could be used instead of LiCoO{sub 2} of LiNiO{sub 2} as the cathode in the new generation of rocking chair batteries. Replacing Mn with cations of valence 2 (ni, Zn) or 3 (Fe) reduces the amount of Mn{sup +3} and correspondingly reduces the capacity of the cells at 4.1 V, but does not affect their cycling performance.

• OSTI ID: 5239372
• Journal Information: Journal of the Electrochemical Society; (United States), Vol. 138:10; ISSN 0013-4651
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LITHIUM
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
LITHIUM OXIDES
CATHODES
MANGANESE OXIDES
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
ENERGY DENSITY
MATERIALS TESTING
PERFORMANCE TESTING
SPINELS
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALI METALS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMISTRY
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRODES
ELEMENTS
LITHIUM COMPOUNDS
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS
METALS
MINERALS
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
TESTING
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
250903* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Materials
Components
& Auxiliaries
250902 - Energy Storage- Batteries- Performance & Testing
400400 - Electrochemistry