Cost and value of pathogen reduction for land application of sludges
Abstract
This paper discusses the general pressures that are forcing sewage sludge managers to reconsider land application of sludges where it is not already used; presents the cost of using gamma-radiation from the isotope cesium-137 for sludge disinfection; and documents the economic and social pressures that could compel a city such as Washington, D.C. to disinfect its compost before sale. Washington was chosen as an example because it is a city for which suitable compost marketing data are readily available. With these data it is reasonably straightforward to document the costs and benefits of radiation processing. The economic and social pressures that affect Washington are probably similar to those in many other areas where the radiation disinfection of dried sludge could provide the same disposal options.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 5089646
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-77-2045
TRN: 78-010060
- DOE Contract Number:
- EY-76-C-04-0789
- Resource Type:
- Technical Report
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.; 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; MICROORGANISMS; INACTIVATION; PARASITES; SEWAGE SLUDGE; IRRADIATION; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; FERTILIZERS; GAMMA SOURCES; LAND RECLAMATION; SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS; USES; WASHINGTON DC; NORTH AMERICA; RADIATION SOURCES; SEWAGE; USA; WASTES; 560155* - Radiation Effects on Animals- Disinfestation- (-1987); 320604 - Energy Conservation, Consumption, & Utilization- Municipalities & Community Systems- Municipal Waste Management- (1980-)
Citation Formats
Sivinski, H D, and Morris, M E. Cost and value of pathogen reduction for land application of sludges. United States: N. p., 1978.
Web. doi:10.2172/5089646.
Sivinski, H D, & Morris, M E. Cost and value of pathogen reduction for land application of sludges. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/5089646
Sivinski, H D, and Morris, M E. 1978.
"Cost and value of pathogen reduction for land application of sludges". United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/5089646. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5089646.
@article{osti_5089646,
title = {Cost and value of pathogen reduction for land application of sludges},
author = {Sivinski, H D and Morris, M E},
abstractNote = {This paper discusses the general pressures that are forcing sewage sludge managers to reconsider land application of sludges where it is not already used; presents the cost of using gamma-radiation from the isotope cesium-137 for sludge disinfection; and documents the economic and social pressures that could compel a city such as Washington, D.C. to disinfect its compost before sale. Washington was chosen as an example because it is a city for which suitable compost marketing data are readily available. With these data it is reasonably straightforward to document the costs and benefits of radiation processing. The economic and social pressures that affect Washington are probably similar to those in many other areas where the radiation disinfection of dried sludge could provide the same disposal options.},
doi = {10.2172/5089646},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5089646},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1978},
month = {Wed Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1978}
}