Solvent Refined Coal (SRC) process: trace elements. Research and development report No. 53; interim report No. 26. Volume III. Pilot plant development work. Part 6. The fate of trace elements in the SRC process for the period August 1, 1974--July 31, 1976

Technical Report · Sat Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1978

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/5084476· OSTI ID:5084476

Filby, R. H.; Shah, K. R.; Hunt, M. L.; Khalil, S. R.; Sautter, C. A.

Results are presented of a study of the distribution and fate of 34 trace elements in the Solvent Refined Coal Process at the pilot plant located at Fort Lewis, Washington. Neutron activation analysis was used to determine Ti, V, Ca, Mg, Al, Cl, Mn, As, Sb, Se, Hg, Br, Co, Ni, Cr, Fe, Na, Rb, Cs, K, Sc, Tb, Eu, Sm, Ce, La, Sr, Ba, Th, Hf, Ta, Ga, Zr, and Cu in feed coals, process solvent, Solvent Refined Coal (SRC), mineral residues, wet filter cake, by-product solvents, process and effluent waters and by-product sulfur. The sample points were chosen such that the major process streams were adequately described and that the major input and output materials were included. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to measure the toxic elements Pb, Cd, and Be in plant-derived solvents, effluent water and Hamer Marsh water. Specific methods were developed for analysis of a wide range of material compositions. The neutron activation analysis procedures were divided into short and long irradiation procedures for elements with short half lives (less than 3 hours) and intermediate to long half lives (8 hours to 5.2 years). A material balance (or budget) was calculated for each element from the concentration data and the yields of each process fraction for each equilibrium set in the SRC process. The SRC and insoluble residue account for more than 95% of the input of each element (except for Hg and Co in Equilibrium Set 1) with other process fractions contributing little to the trace element balance. Except for Cl, Br, and Ti, each element was substantially lower in the SRC compared to the original feed coal.

• Research Organization: Washington State Univ., Pullman (USA). Nuclear Radiation Center
• DOE Contract Number: EX-76-C-01-0496
• OSTI ID: 5084476
• Report Number(s): FE-496-T17
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
COAL
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
MINERAL WASTES
SRC PROCESS
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
ALUMINIUM
ANTIMONY
ARSENIC
BARIUM
BERYLLIUM
BROMINE
CADMIUM
CALCIUM
CESIUM
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHLORINE
CHROMIUM
COAL LIQUEFACTION
COBALT
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COPPER
ELEMENTS
GALLIUM
HAFNIUM
IRON
LEAD
MAGNESIUM
MANGANESE
MERCURY
MINERALS
NICKEL
POTASSIUM
RARE EARTHS
RUBIDIUM
SCANDIUM
SELENIUM
SODIUM
SOLVENT-REFINED COAL
STRONTIUM
TANTALUM
THORIUM
TITANIUM
TRACE AMOUNTS
VANADIUM
ZIRCONIUM
ACTINIDES
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HALOGENS
LIQUEFACTION
METALS
NONMETALS
REFRACTORY METALS
SEMIMETALS
SOLID WASTES
SPECTROSCOPY
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WASTES
010405* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction
400101 - Activation
Nuclear Reaction
Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures
400104 - Spectral Procedures- (-1987)
010900 - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Environmental Aspects