Influence of fentanyl and morphine on intestinal circulation
The influence of fentanyl and morphine on the intestinal circulation was evaluated in an isolated loop preparation in 37 dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital intravenously. Selected intestinal segments were pumped with aortic blood at a constant pressure of 100 mm Hg. A mixture of /sup 86/Rb and 9-micron spheres labeled with /sup 141/Ce was injected into the arterial cannula supplying the intestinal loop, while mesenteric venous blood was collected for activity counting. A strong correlation was found between the clearances of rubidium and microspheres (r = 0.97, P less than 0.0001), suggesting that the shunting of 9-micron spheres through the intestines reflects the shunting of blood through nonnutritive vessels. Intravenous fentanyl decreased oxygen uptake (O/sub 2/up), and vascular resistance (VR), and increased blood flow (BF), rubidium and microsphere clearances (Cl-Rb, Cl-Sph, respectively), and permeability--surface area product (PS) in a dose-related fashion. Intravenous morphine in a dose of 1 mg X kg-1 increased Cl-Rb (nutritive BF) without changes in total (nutritive and nonnutritive) BF. This increase in nutritive BF is probably related to morphine-induced histamine release. Morphine in a dose of 5 mg X kg-1 was accompanied by vasoconstriction that was completely abolished by alpha-adrenoceptor blockade. The data suggest that morphine-induced intestinal vasoconstriction is mediated via a release of epinephrine, apparently from the adrenal medulla. It is concluded that changes in the intestinal circulation during anesthesia with narcotics might play a certain role in the cardiovascular homeostasis during anesthesia and surgery. An increase in oxygen content in portal venous blood, resulting from a decrease in intestinal oxygen uptake, should facilitate hepatic oxygenation.
- OSTI ID:
- 5076283
- Journal Information:
- Anesth. Analg. (Cleveland); (United States), Vol. 6
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
INTESTINES
BLOOD CIRCULATION
MORPHINE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
OXYGEN
UPTAKE
BLOOD COUNT
BLOOD FLOW
BLOOD-PLASMA CLEARANCE
CESIUM 141
DOGS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
HISTAMINE
MICROSPHERES
PORTAL SYSTEM
PROMETHAZINE
RUBIDIUM 86
VASOCONSTRICTION
ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES
ALKALOIDS
AMINES
ANALGESICS
ANIMALS
ANTIHISTAMINICS
AZOLES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BLOOD VESSELS
BODY
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANTS
CESIUM ISOTOPES
CLEARANCE
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DRUGS
ELEMENTS
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
IMIDAZOLES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NARCOTICS
NONMETALS
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
OPIUM
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
RADIOISOTOPES
RUBIDIUM ISOTOPES
SECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
VEINS
VERTEBRATES
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560305 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)