Improving in vivo calibration phantoms

Lynch, T P; Olsen, P C

Title: Improving in vivo calibration phantoms

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Abstract

Anthropomorphic phantoms have been the basis for quantification of radioactive material in the body using in vivo measurements. The types of phantoms used and the degree of anthropomorphic detail vary depending on the counting application, the radioactive material to be measured, phantom availability and cost. Consequently, measurement results for the same types of radioactive material from different facilities are not always comparable. At a February 1990 meeting at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) the need to develop the gold standards'' or primary reference standards for in vivo phantoms was discussed in detail. The consensus of the attendees at the meeting was that the state of the art in phantoms was adequate as a starting point and that there was no need to start phantom development from scratch. In particular, the torso phantom developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and its commercial progeny, the bottle manikin absorption (BOMAB) phantom and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard N44.3 thyroid phantom, were identified as the starting points for the development of the primary reference standards. Working groups at the meeting subsequently recommended design improvements for the existing phantom designs. The implementation of these recommendations is the subjectmore » of this paper.« less

Authors:: Lynch, T P; Olsen, P C

Publication Date:: 1991-10-01

Research Org.:: Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)

OSTI Identifier:: 5071795

Report Number(s):: PNL-SA-20013; CONF-911032-4
ON: DE92002157

DOE Contract Number:: AC06-76RL01830

Resource Type:: Conference

Resource Relation:: Conference: 37. annual conference on bioassay analytical and environmental radiochemistry, Ottawa (Canada), 7-11 Oct 1991

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY; 46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; 63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.; PHANTOMS; OPTIMIZATION; STANDARDS; TISSUE-EQUIVALENT MATERIALS; CALIBRATION; CALIBRATION STANDARDS; DATA BASE MANAGEMENT; DESIGN; IMPLEMENTATION; IN VIVO; NAI DETECTORS; PERFORMANCE; POLYURETHANES; POTASSIUM 40; QUALITY ASSURANCE; RECOMMENDATIONS; SPECIFICATIONS; WHOLE-BODY COUNTING; ALKA; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; COUNTING TECHNIQUES; ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES; ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES; ISOTOPES; LIGHT NUCLEI; MANAGEMENT; MATERIALS; MEASURING INSTRUMENTS; MOCKUP; NANOSEC LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; NUCLEI; ODD-ODD NUCLEI; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC POLYMERS; PETROCHEMICALS; PETROLEUM PRODUCTS; PLASTICS; POLYAMIDES; POLYMERS; POTASSIUM ISOTOPES; RADIATION DETECTORS; RADIOISOTOPES; SCINTILLATION COUNTERS; SOLID SCINTILLATION DETECTORS; STRUCTURAL MODELS; SYNTHETIC MATERIALS; 655003* - Medical Physics- Dosimetry; 440102 - Radiation Instrumentation- Radiation Dosemeters; 560151 - Radiation Effects on Animals- Man

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                    Lynch, T P, and Olsen, P C. Improving in vivo calibration phantoms.  United States: N. p., 1991. 
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                    Lynch, T P, & Olsen, P C. Improving in vivo calibration phantoms.  United States.

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                    Lynch, T P, and Olsen, P C. 1991.  
        "Improving in vivo calibration phantoms".  United States.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5071795.

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@article{osti_5071795,

  title        = {Improving in vivo calibration phantoms},

  author       = {Lynch, T P and Olsen, P C},

  abstractNote = {Anthropomorphic phantoms have been the basis for quantification of radioactive material in the body using in vivo measurements. The types of phantoms used and the degree of anthropomorphic detail vary depending on the counting application, the radioactive material to be measured, phantom availability and cost. Consequently, measurement results for the same types of radioactive material from different facilities are not always comparable. At a February 1990 meeting at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) the need to develop the gold standards'' or primary reference standards for in vivo phantoms was discussed in detail. The consensus of the attendees at the meeting was that the state of the art in phantoms was adequate as a starting point and that there was no need to start phantom development from scratch. In particular, the torso phantom developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and its commercial progeny, the bottle manikin absorption (BOMAB) phantom and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard N44.3 thyroid phantom, were identified as the starting points for the development of the primary reference standards. Working groups at the meeting subsequently recommended design improvements for the existing phantom designs. The implementation of these recommendations is the subject of this paper.},

  doi          = {},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5071795},
  journal      = {},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1991},

  month        = {10}

}

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