In situ synchrotron x-ray studies of LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} cathodes
- and others
LiCoO{sub 2} cathodes are now used in most commercial lithium ion batteries. LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} is an attractive low cost alternative. However, it is difficult to make reproducibly. At Brookhaven National Laboratory two in situ synchrotron x-ray techniques, that are available at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), have been used to investigate LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}. The techniques are x-ray absorption and high resolution x-ray diffraction. With x-ray absorption it is possible to follow the changes in the Mn oxidation state and the changes in the Mn-O and Mn-Mn bond lengths on cycling. Also it is possible to detect amorphous phases. The high energy x-rays at the diffraction Beam Lines at the NSLS (up to 24 KeV) permit in situ x-ray diffraction, in the transmission mode, in thin lithium and lithium ion cells. The evolution of the structural chances that occur on cycling can be followed. These in situ measurements were done on Li/LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} cells with a liquid electrolyte (1 M LiPF{sub 6} in a 1:1:3 PC:EC:DMC solvent).
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Dayton Univ., OH (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Research, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AA03-78CH00017
- OSTI ID:
- 484603
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-64291; CONF-970738-3; ON: DE97006102; TRN: 97:003822
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 2. international symposium on new materials for fuel cell and modern battery systems, Montreal (Canada), 6-10 Jul 1997; Other Information: PBD: 1997
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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