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Title: Alkaline cleaner replacement for printed wiring board fabrication

Abstract

A replacement alkaline cleaning chemistry was qualified for the copper cleaning process used to support printed wiring board fabrication. The copper cleaning process was used to prepare copper surfaces for enhancing the adhesion of dry film photopolymers (photoresists and solder masks) and acrylic adhesives. The alkaline chemistry was used to remove organic contaminates such as fingerprints.

Authors:
; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Allied-Signal Aerospace Co., Kansas City, MO (United States). Kansas City Div.
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
481584
Report Number(s):
KCP-613-5926
ON: DE97052934; TRN: AHC29712%%127
DOE Contract Number:
AC04-76DP00613
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Resource Relation:
Other Information: PBD: Apr 1997
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES; 32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION; PRINTED CIRCUITS; DETERGENTS; MANUFACTURING; SURFACE CLEANING; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; PERFORMANCE

Citation Formats

Goldammer, S.E., Pemberton, S.E., and Tucker, D.R. Alkaline cleaner replacement for printed wiring board fabrication. United States: N. p., 1997. Web. doi:10.2172/481584.
Goldammer, S.E., Pemberton, S.E., & Tucker, D.R. Alkaline cleaner replacement for printed wiring board fabrication. United States. doi:10.2172/481584.
Goldammer, S.E., Pemberton, S.E., and Tucker, D.R. Tue . "Alkaline cleaner replacement for printed wiring board fabrication". United States. doi:10.2172/481584. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/481584.
@article{osti_481584,
title = {Alkaline cleaner replacement for printed wiring board fabrication},
author = {Goldammer, S.E. and Pemberton, S.E. and Tucker, D.R.},
abstractNote = {A replacement alkaline cleaning chemistry was qualified for the copper cleaning process used to support printed wiring board fabrication. The copper cleaning process was used to prepare copper surfaces for enhancing the adhesion of dry film photopolymers (photoresists and solder masks) and acrylic adhesives. The alkaline chemistry was used to remove organic contaminates such as fingerprints.},
doi = {10.2172/481584},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1997},
month = {Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1997}
}

Technical Report:

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  • MacDermid`s Metex{reg_sign} Ultra Etch FL and modifications to the Ultra Etch FL chemistry were evaluated as replacements of a discontinued replenisher, Ultra Etch Aqueous. Ultra Etch FL with additions of water to lower the total alkalinity and ammonium chloride to maintain the chloride level was found to produce acceptable results and, in fact, had a similar chemical composition to Ultra Etch Aqueous.
  • Printed wiring board (PWB) fabrication, an operation performed both at LLNL and throughout the electronics industry, generates considerable quantities of hazardous waste, notably lead-bearing materials used for soldering, tinning, and finish coating the circuits of the board. Hot-air solder leveling (HASL), the most common method of finishing is one of the main sources of hazardous lead-bearing wastes in traditional PWB manufacturing. The development of a safer finishing method will lead to employee health and environmental benefits. In addition, there is a production advantage to eliminating HASL, for it provides a fairly uneven surface that is problematic for mounting very smallmore » components. In this project, we developed ''single-bath electroplating'' as a potential HASL replacement technology for many applications. Single-bath electroplating involves alternating deposition of one or the other metal component of a bimetal bath, through control of plating potential and mass transport. It employs a nickel layer as both etch resist and finish coat and has the potential for lowering environmental and human-health risks associated with PWB manufacture--while at the same time reconfiguring the process for greater efficiency and profitability.« less
  • A solvent containing the chlorinated hydrocarbon 1,1,1-trichloroethane, was previously used to clean printed wiring boards following the contouring and inspection operations. An alkaline detergent was selected and evaluated as a replacement. Tests showed the detergent produced an acceptable level of cleanliness (resistance readings greater than 2 megohm-centimeters).
  • A solvent containing the chlorinated hydrocarbon 1,1,1-trichloroethane, was previously used to clean printed wiring boards following the contouring and inspection operations. An alkaline detergent was selected and evaluated as a replacement. Tests showed the detergent produced an acceptable level of cleanliness (resistance readings greater than 2 megohm-centimeters).
  • Environmental protection issues are making headlines daily. Some concerns are well founded while others are based on myth and/or fear. As inhabitants of this planet everyone must do their best to be wise stewards or our environment. The Electronics Prototype Section, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWPNS), China Lake, California, have taken the responsibility of environmental stewardship seriously. 'This case study details their efforts to protect themselves and the environment from the hazardous materials used to fabricate printed wiring boards. This report discusses previous practices and the solutions developed to ensure a cleaner environment. Additionally, this report contains encounteredmore » problems and future plans. Industrial Sewer System(ISS), Printed Wiring Boards(PWB), Process controls, Oxidizers, Corrosive, Toxic, Hazardous waste, Ozone depleting chemicals, Wastewater treatment, Domestic Sewer System (DSS).« less