Human radiation cytogenetics. Special reference to human chromosomes

Awa, A

Title: Human radiation cytogenetics. Special reference to human chromosomes (in Japanese)

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Abstract

The topics discussed include relationship between cell cycle and the incidence of chromosome aberration; various types of aberration; lymphocyte culture; relation of cultured lymphocyte with radiation-induced chromosome aberration, especially with radiation dosage. The types of chromosome aberration vary depending upon the period of cell cycle exposed to radiation. Those that are irradiated during mitosis form chromatid type aberration when exposed after S period and chromosome type aberration when exposed in G/sub 1/ and the first half of S period. Those exposed during interphase form exchange aberration due to misrepair. Chromatid type aberration includes single chroinatid aberration, and isochromatid aberration ranging from isochromatid break to complete and incomplete repair. Chromosome type aberration is further divided into single break and compound break. Single break is characterized by terminal deletion with formation of acentric fragments. Compound break is divided into intrachange including paracentric inversion, acentric ring and interstitial deletion, pericentric inversion, and ring and acentric fragment; and interchange including reciprocal translocation and dicentric chromosome and acentric fragment. The characteristics of lymphocyte culture are: (1) lymphocytes are generally in the earlier stage of DNA synthesis, thus are fairly homogeneous; (2) addition of PHA (phytohemagglutinin) stimulates DNA synthesis, causing first mitosis 48 hrs after beginningmore »« less

Authors:: Awa, A

Publication Date:: Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1973

Research Org.:: Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission, Hiroshima

OSTI Identifier:: 4332102

NSA Number:: NSA-29-029763

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Shoni Igaku, v. 6, no. 1, pp. 185-216

Additional Journal Information:: Other Information: Orig. Receipt Date: 30-JUN-74; Bib. Info. Source: JA (JA)

Country of Publication:: Japan

Language:: Japanese

Subject:: N48510* -Life Sciences-Radiation Effects on Animals-Man; *CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS- RADIOINDUCTION; *CHROMOSOMES- GENETIC RADIATION EFFECTS; BIOLOGICAL REPAIR; BIOSYNTHESIS; CELL CYCLE; CELL DIVISION; CHROMATIDS; DICENTRIC CHROMOSOMES; DNA; DNA REPLICATION; GAMMA RADIATION; IONIZING RADIATIONS; LYMPHOCYTES; MITOSIS; NEUTRONS; RADIATION DOSES; RADIATION INJURIES; RBE; RING CHROMOSOMES; TIME DEPENDENCE; X RADIATION

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                    Awa, A. Human radiation cytogenetics. Special reference to human chromosomes.  Japan: N. p., 1973. 
        Web.

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                    Awa, A. Human radiation cytogenetics. Special reference to human chromosomes.  Japan.

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                    Awa, A. 1973.  
        "Human radiation cytogenetics. Special reference to human chromosomes".  Japan.

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@article{osti_4332102,

  title        = {Human radiation cytogenetics. Special reference to human chromosomes},

  author       = {Awa, A},

  abstractNote = {The topics discussed include relationship between cell cycle and the incidence of chromosome aberration; various types of aberration; lymphocyte culture; relation of cultured lymphocyte with radiation-induced chromosome aberration, especially with radiation dosage. The types of chromosome aberration vary depending upon the period of cell cycle exposed to radiation. Those that are irradiated during mitosis form chromatid type aberration when exposed after S period and chromosome type aberration when exposed in G/sub 1/ and the first half of S period. Those exposed during interphase form exchange aberration due to misrepair. Chromatid type aberration includes single chroinatid aberration, and isochromatid aberration ranging from isochromatid break to complete and incomplete repair. Chromosome type aberration is further divided into single break and compound break. Single break is characterized by terminal deletion with formation of acentric fragments. Compound break is divided into intrachange including paracentric inversion, acentric ring and interstitial deletion, pericentric inversion, and ring and acentric fragment; and interchange including reciprocal translocation and dicentric chromosome and acentric fragment. The characteristics of lymphocyte culture are: (1) lymphocytes are generally in the earlier stage of DNA synthesis, thus are fairly homogeneous; (2) addition of PHA (phytohemagglutinin) stimulates DNA synthesis, causing first mitosis 48 hrs after beginning of culture and the second, 72 hours; (3) an assumption is made that some lymphocytes stay alive for years without loosing immunological activity. These are important keys to the qualitative as well as quantitative studies of radiation-induced chromosome aberration. No significant difference due to dose rate is observed. However, the kinds of radiation results in varied rate of incidence of aberration; RBE of neutrons in relation to chromosome aberration proved to be two to three times higher than x rays or gamma rays. (JA)},

  doi          = {},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/4332102},
  journal      = {Shoni Igaku, v. 6, no. 1, pp. 185-216},
number       = ,

  volume       = ,

  place        = {Japan},

  year         = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1973},

  month        = {Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1973}

}

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