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Title: Optical-based smart structures for tamper-indicating applications

Abstract

This report is a compilation of several related projects performed from 1991 through 1996 concerning the design, construction, and application of optical-based smart structure to tamper-indicating and sensing secure containers. Due to several influences, the projects were carried through to varying degrees of completion. Cancellation of the overall project at the client level motivated the authors to gather all of the technology and ideas about smart structures developed during these several projects, whether completed or just conceptualized, into one document. Although each section individually discusses a specific project, the overall document is written chronologically with each successive section showing how increased smart structure complexity was integrated into the container.

Authors:
; ; ;
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
OSTI Identifier:
416990
Report Number(s):
PNNL-11407
ON: DE97050692; TRN: 97:001865
DOE Contract Number:
AC06-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Technical Report
Resource Relation:
Other Information: PBD: Nov 1996
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
42 ENGINEERING NOT INCLUDED IN OTHER CATEGORIES; 44 INSTRUMENTATION, INCLUDING NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE DETECTORS; 05 NUCLEAR FUELS; CONTAINERS; DESIGN; SAFEGUARDS; RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS; SECURITY; OPTICAL FIBERS; OPTICAL EQUIPMENT; REMOTE VIEWING EQUIPMENT; RADIOACTIVE WASTES; PLUTONIUM

Citation Formats

Sliva, P., Anheier, N.C., Simmons, K.L., and Undem, H.A. Optical-based smart structures for tamper-indicating applications. United States: N. p., 1996. Web. doi:10.2172/416990.
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Sliva, P., Anheier, N.C., Simmons, K.L., & Undem, H.A. Optical-based smart structures for tamper-indicating applications. United States. doi:10.2172/416990.
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Sliva, P., Anheier, N.C., Simmons, K.L., and Undem, H.A. Fri . "Optical-based smart structures for tamper-indicating applications". United States. doi:10.2172/416990. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/416990.
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@article{osti_416990,
title = {Optical-based smart structures for tamper-indicating applications},
author = {Sliva, P. and Anheier, N.C. and Simmons, K.L. and Undem, H.A.},
abstractNote = {This report is a compilation of several related projects performed from 1991 through 1996 concerning the design, construction, and application of optical-based smart structure to tamper-indicating and sensing secure containers. Due to several influences, the projects were carried through to varying degrees of completion. Cancellation of the overall project at the client level motivated the authors to gather all of the technology and ideas about smart structures developed during these several projects, whether completed or just conceptualized, into one document. Although each section individually discusses a specific project, the overall document is written chronologically with each successive section showing how increased smart structure complexity was integrated into the container.},
doi = {10.2172/416990},
journal = {},
number = ,
volume = ,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 EST 1996},
month = {Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 EST 1996}
}
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Technical Report:
View Technical Report (6.13 MB)
DOI:  10.2172/416990
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  • ; ; ; ...
    This paper has presented an overview of the type of optical-based structures that can be designed and constructed. These smart structures are capable of responding to their environment. The examples given represent a modest sampling of the complexity that can be achieved in both design and practice. Tamper-indicating containers and smart, sensing windows demonstrate just a few of the applications. We have shown that optical-based smart structures can be made multifunctional with the sensing built in. The next generation smart structure will combine the sensing functionality of these optical-based smart structures with other sensors such as piezoelectrics and electro-rheological fluidsmore » to not only be able to respond to the environment, but to adapt to it as well. An example of functionality in this regime would be a piezosensor that senses pressure changes (e.g., shock waves), which then causes an electro-rheological fluid to change viscosity. A fiber sensor located in or near the electro-rheological fluid senses the stiffness change and sends a signal through a feedback loop back to the piezosensor for additional adjustments to the electro-rheological fluid.« less

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    Volume I was based on a survey and an evaluation of seals that are used as tamper-indicating devices at DOE facilities. For that evaluation, currently available seals were physically and environmentally evaluated under two broad categories: handling durability and tamper resistance. Our study indicated that the environmental testing had no negative effects on the results of the mechanical tests. In Volume II, we evaluate some loop, fiber optic loop, and pressure-sensitive seals that are not used at DOE facilities. However, we continue to focus on qualities required by DOE: durability and tamper resistance. The seals are comparatively rated, and recommendationsmore » are made for using currently available seals and new tamper-indicating device technology.« less

  • ;
    The Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Safeguards and Seals Evaluation Program is evaluating new fiber optic active seal technologies for use at Department of Energy (DOE) facilities. The goal of the program is to investigate active seal technologies that can monitor secured containers storing special nuclear materials (SNM) within DOE vaults. Specifically investigated were active seal technologies that can be used as tamper-indicating devices to monitor secured containers within vaults while personnel remain outside the vault area. Such a system would allow minimal access into vaults while ensuring container content accountability. The purpose of this report is to discuss tamper-indicating devicesmore » that were evaluated for possible DOE use. While previous seal evaluations (Phase I and II) considered overall facility applications, this discussion focuses specifically on their use in vault storage situations. The report will highlight general background information, specifications and requirements, and test procedures. Also discussed are the systems available from four manufacturers: Interactive Technologies, Inc., Fiber SenSys, Inc., Inovonics, Inc., and Valve Security Systems.« less