Optimizing Grid Regulation With Gravity Storage Systems: A Comparative Analysis With Different Motor Inertias

Sundeep, Shubham; Sethuraman, Latha; Akindipe, Dayo; Fingersh, Lee Jay; Wenrick, Zach; Munoz, Aaron

doi:10.1109/ECCE55643.2024.10860891

Optimizing Grid Regulation With Gravity Storage Systems: A Comparative Analysis With Different Motor Inertias

Conference · 10 February 2025

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE55643.2024.10860891· OSTI ID:2549278

Sundeep, Shubham; ; Akindipe, Dayo; ; Wenrick, Zach; Munoz, Aaron

The integration of renewable energy sources into power grids necessitates solutions for grid support and stability during fluctuations in electricity generation and demand. Gravity energy storage systems (GESS) are emerging as a promising technology for managing the balance between energy supply and demand. However, their capacity to optimize energy flow and offer voltage and frequency regulation amid imbalances in generation and demand is less reported. This paper investigates the control of GESS for optimizing energy flow during voltage and frequency regulation. The study evaluates the regulation capabilities of GESS with different motor inertias during a Texas grid event: one with a high-speed, low-inertia motor and another with a low-speed, high-inertia motor. Results indicate that both GESS scenarios provide fast frequency response by converting potential energy into kinetic energy and vice versa, with a response time of 1.5 s from the frequency variation. This aligns with grid requirements for primary frequency response from traditional synchronous generators and motors with large inertia. Furthermore, a GESS based on a high-inertia motor may be able to operate over a broader range of frequency variations, whereas a low-inertia system may be limited by thermal constraints of the motor.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

DOE Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2549278

Report Number(s):: NREL/CP-5000-94103; MainId:95885; UUID:9d06bfe5-3ac0-4d60-a757-10105b89ef28; MainAdminId:76515

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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