Validating the rhenium proxy for rock organic carbon oxidation using weathering profiles

Grant, Katherine E.; Dellinger, Mathieu; Dickson, Alexander J.; Ogric, Mateja; Horan, Kate; Petsch, Steven; Hilton, Robert G.

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2024.122464

Validating the rhenium proxy for rock organic carbon oxidation using weathering profiles

Journal Article · Mon Oct 28 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Chemical Geology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2024.122464· OSTI ID:2497891

Grant, Katherine E. ^[1]; Dellinger, Mathieu ^[2]; Dickson, Alexander J. ^[3]; Ogric, Mateja ^[4]; Horan, Kate ^[4]; Petsch, Steven ^[5]; Hilton, Robert G. ^[6]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Durham Univ. (United Kingdom)
Durham Univ. (United Kingdom); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (France); Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac (France)
Royal Holloway, Univ. of London (RHUL), Egham (United Kingdom)
Durham Univ. (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States)
Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)

Chemical weathering over geological timescales acts as a source or sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂), while influencing long-term redox cycling and atmospheric oxygen (O₂) at Earth's surface. There is a growing recognition that the oxidative weathering of rock organic carbon (OC_petro) can release more CO₂ than is locally drawn down by silicate weathering, and may vary due to changes in erosion and climate. The element rhenium (Re) has emerged as a proxy to track the oxidative weathering of OC_petro, yet uncertainties in its application remain namely that we lack a systematic assessment of the comparative mobility of Re and OC_petro during sedimentary rock weathering. Here we measure Re and OC_petro loss across gradients in rock weathering at 9 global sites, spanning a range of initial OC_petro values from ~0.2 % to >10 %. We use titanium to account for volume changes during weathering and assess Re and OC_petro loss alongside major elements that reflect silicate (Na, Mg), carbonate (Ca, Mg) and sulfide (S) weathering. Across the dataset, Re loss is correlated with OC_petro loss but not with loss of any other major element. Further, across the weathering profiles, the average molar ratio of OC_petro to Re loss was 0.84 ± 0.15, with 8 out of 9 sites having a ratio >0.74. At one site (Marcellus Shale), the average ratio was lower at 0.58 ± 0.11. The excess loss of Re matches expectations that, typically, between ~0 and 20 % of the Re liberated by sedimentary rock weathering derives from silicate or sulfide phases, while some OC_petro may be physically or chemically protected from weathering. Overall, our measurements provide validation for the Re proxy of OC_petro oxidation and allow future work to further improve our knowledge of regional and global-scale rates of this important source of CO₂ in the geochemical carbon cycle.

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This content will become publicly available on Tue Oct 28 00:00:00 EDT 2025

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; European Research Council (ERC); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; 678779; NE/T001119

OSTI ID:: 2497891

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-2000144

Journal Information:: Chemical Geology, Vol. 671; ISSN 0009-2541

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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