Microgrid Modeling for Stability Analysis

Espín-Sarzosa, Danny; Palma-Behnke, Rodrigo; Cañizares, Claudio A.; Annakkage, Udaya; Elizondo, Marcelo; Espina, Enrique; Du, Wei; Kabalan, Mahmoud; Meegahapola, Lasantha; Mendoza-Araya, Patricio A.; Nasr, Ehsan; Pavani, Ahda; Ramos, Rodrigo; Ropp, Michael; Schneider, Kevin P.; Simpson-Porco, John W.; Strunz, Kai; Taranto, Glauco; Tuffner, Francis; Reilly, James T.

doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3326063

Microgrid Modeling for Stability Analysis

Journal Article · 24 October 2023 · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3326063· OSTI ID:2458216

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Elizondo, Marcelo ^[5]; ^[6]; ^[5]; ^[7]; ^[8]; ^[2]; Nasr, Ehsan ^[9]; ^[10]; ^[11]; ^[12]; ^[5]; ^[13]; ^[14]; ^[15]; ^[5]; ^[16]

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (Chile)
University of Chile, Santiago (Chile)
Univ. of Waterloo, ON (Canada)
Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB (Canada)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
University of Santiago of Chile (Chile)
University of St. Thomas, Saint Paul, MN (United States)
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, VIC (Australia)
Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA (United States)
Federal Univ. of ABC, Santo Andre, SP (Brazil)
Univ. of Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada)
Technical Univ. of Berlin (Germany)
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - COPPE (Brazil)
Reilly Associates, Red Bank, NJ (United States)

Here this document is a summary of a report prepared by the IEEE PES Task Force (TF) on Microgrid (MG) Dynamic Modeling, IEEE Power and Energy Society, Tech. Rep. PES-TR106, 2023. In this paper, the major issues and challenges in microgrid modeling for stability analysis are discussed, and a review of state-of-the-art modeling approaches and trends is presented. In the context of the IEEE 1547 standard, the document covers issues associated with component models for MG dynamic studies and simulations, including generator and grid modeling, full and average converter models, unbalanced and balanced system conditions, dynamic and static loads, protection requirements, and detailed and simplified controls considering communications delays, packet losses, and security issues. Considering the future integration of grids and MGs to form broad integrated networks, a discussion is presented of the use of phasor vis-à-vis electromagnetic transient simulation tools for MG dynamic stability studies, as well as modeling scale-up issues and MG equivalent models. Specifically white-, grey-, and black-box models, are presented. This TF paper and companion report constitute a modeling guide for R&D groups working on developments and standards of MGs with a focus on stability issues.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2458216

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--192205

Journal Information:: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 15; ISSN 1949-3053

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (171)

A comprehensive review on issues, investigations, control and protection trends, technical challenges and future directions for Microgrid technology Choudhury, Subhashree International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, Vol. 30, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/2050-7038.12446	journal	April 2020
A comprehensive review on control techniques for stability improvement in microgrids Mehta, Sahil; Basak, Prasenjit International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/2050-7038.12822	journal	February 2021
A brief review on microgrids: Operation, applications, modeling, and control Shahgholian, Ghazanfar International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/2050-7038.12885	journal	March 2021
The effects of unbalanced networks on synchronous and asynchronous machine transient stability Harley, Ronald G.; Makram, Elham B.; Duran, Edwin G. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 13, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7796(87)90039-3	journal	October 1987
Development of models for analyzing the load-following performance of microturbines and fuel cells Zhu, Y.; Tomsovic, K. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 62, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7796(02)00033-0	journal	May 2002
Dynamic characteristics of autonomous wind–diesel systems Papathanassiou, Stavros A.; Papadopoulos, Michael P. Renewable Energy, Vol. 23, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-1481(00)00180-4	journal	June 2001
Microgrids: Overview and guidelines for practical implementations and operation Cagnano, A.; De Tuglie, E.; Mancarella, P. Applied Energy, Vol. 258 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114039	journal	January 2020
Microgrid modelling: A comprehensive survey Sen, Sachidananda; Kumar, Vishal Annual Reviews in Control, Vol. 46 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2018.10.010	journal	January 2018
A survey on modeling of microgrids—From fundamental physics to phasors and voltage sources Schiffer, Johannes; Zonetti, Daniele; Ortega, Romeo Automatica, Vol. 74 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2016.07.036	journal	December 2016
Evolution of microgrids with converter-interfaced generations: Challenges and opportunities Hossain, Md Alamgir; Pota, Hemanshu Roy; Hossain, Md Jahangir International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 109 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.01.038	journal	July 2019
Modeling of multi-physics transients in PEM fuel cells using equivalent circuits for consistent representation of electric, pneumatic, and thermal quantities Lan, Tian; Strunz, Kai International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 119 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105803	journal	July 2020
A comprehensive review of virtual synchronous generator Cheema, Khalid Mehmood International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 120 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106006	journal	September 2020
Modeling and control of microgrid: An overview Mahmoud, M. S.; Azher Hussain, S.; Abido, M. A. Journal of the Franklin Institute, Vol. 351, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfranklin.2014.01.016	journal	May 2014
A dynamic model for a stand-alone PEM fuel cell power plant for residential applications El-Sharkh, M. Y.; Rahman, A.; Alam, M. S. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 138, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.037	journal	November 2004
Controls for microgrids with storage: Review, challenges, and research needs Zamora, Ramon; Srivastava, Anurag K. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 14, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.03.019	journal	September 2010
Study on small signal stability of microgrids: A review and a new approach Zeng, Zheng; Yang, Huan; Zhao, Rongxiang Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 15, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.069	journal	December 2011
Classification and comparison of maximum power point tracking techniques for photovoltaic system: A review Reza Reisi, Ali; Hassan Moradi, Mohammad; Jamasb, Shahriar Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.052	journal	March 2013
Microgrid stability: Classification and a review Shuai, Zhikang; Sun, Yingyun; Shen, Z. John Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 58 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.201	journal	May 2016
Comparison of methods for controllers design of single phase inverter operating in island mode in a microgrid: Review Vásquez, Virgilio; Ortega, Luis Mauro; Romero, David Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 76 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.060	journal	September 2017
Review of primary voltage and frequency control methods for inverter-based islanded microgrids with distributed generation Rokrok, Ebrahim; Shafie-khah, Miadreza; Catalão, João P. S. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 82 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.022	journal	February 2018
Current challenges and future trends in the field of communication architectures for microgrids Marzal, Silvia; Salas, Robert; González-Medina, Raúl Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 82 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.101	journal	February 2018
Three-phase phase-locked loop synchronization algorithms for grid-connected renewable energy systems: A review Ali, Zunaib; Christofides, Nicholas; Hadjidemetriou, Lenos Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 90 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.086	journal	July 2018
Large-disturbance stability for power-converter-dominated microgrid: A review San, Guocheng; Zhang, Wenlin; Guo, Xiaoqiang Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 127 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.109859	journal	July 2020
Microgrid protection: A comprehensive review Dagar, Annu; Gupta, Pankaj; Niranjan, Vandana Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 149 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111401	journal	October 2021
Modeling and simulation of a grid-connected PV generation system for electromagnetic transient analysis Kim, Seul-Ki; Jeon, Jin-Hong; Cho, Chang-Hee Solar Energy, Vol. 83, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2008.10.020	journal	May 2009
Aggregate load modeling in microgrids using online measurements Papadopoulos, T. A.; Tzanidakis, E. N.; Papadopoulos, P. N. MedPower 2014 https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1665	conference	January 2014
Black‐box dynamic equivalent model for microgrids using measurement data Papadopoulos, Panagiotis N.; Papadopoulos, Theofilos A.; Crolla, Paul IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2013.0524	journal	May 2014
Measurement‐based analysis of the dynamic performance of microgrids using system identification techniques Papadopoulos, Panagiotis N.; Papadopoulos, Theofilos A.; Crolla, Paul IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0555	journal	January 2015
Analysis and mitigation of low‐frequency oscillations in hybrid AC/DC microgrids with dynamic loads Ahmed, Moudud; Meegahapola, Lasantha; Vahidnia, Arash IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 13, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.5274	journal	April 2019
Review of the current challenges and methods to mitigate power quality issues in single‐phase microgrids Micallef, Alexander IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 13, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.6020	journal	October 2018
Review of microgrid architectures – a system of systems perspective Mahmoud, Magdi S.; A. L. -Sunni, Fouad M.; Saif Ur Rahman, Mohamed IET Renewable Power Generation, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2014.0171	journal	November 2015
The Migrate project: the challenges of operating a transmission grid with only inverter‐based generation. A grid‐forming control improvement with transient current‐limiting control Denis, Guillaume; Prevost, Thibault; Debry, Marie‐Sophie IET Renewable Power Generation, Vol. 12, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2017.0369	journal	November 2017
A doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters supplying an isolated load from a variable speed wind turbine Pena, R.; Clare, J. C.; Asher, G. M. IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Vol. 143, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-epa:19960454	journal	January 1996
Proportional-resonant controllers and filters for grid-connected voltage-source converters Teodorescu, R.; Blaabjerg, F.; Liserre, M. IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Vol. 153, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-epa:20060008	journal	January 2006
Analysis of unbalanced polyphase networks by the method of phase co-ordinates. Part 1: System representation in phase frame of reference Laughton, M. A. Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 115, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1049/piee.1968.0206	journal	January 1968
Stability Analysis of AC Microgrids Using Incremental Phasor Impedance Matching A. Mendoza-Araya, Patricio; Venkataramanan, Giri Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 43, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/15325008.2014.985346	journal	February 2015
Pitch-controlled variable-speed wind turbine generation Muljadi, E.; Butterfield, C. P. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 37, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/28.903156	journal	January 2001
Three-phase modeling for transient stability of large scale unbalanced distribution systems Makram, E. B.; Zambrano, V. O.; Harley, R. G. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/59.193820	journal	May 1989
Three-phase power flow calculations using the current injection method Garcia, P. A. N.; Pereira, J. L. R.; Carneiro, S. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 15, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/59.867133	journal	May 2000
Modeling of emergency diesel generators in an 800 megawatt nuclear power plant Yeager, K. E.; Willis, J. R. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/60.257056	journal	January 1993
The effects of unbalanced networks and unbalanced faults on induction motor transient stability Harley, R. G.; Makram, E. B.; Duran, E. G. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/60.4747	journal	June 1988
Dynamic phasors in modeling and analysis of unbalanced polyphase AC machines Stankovic, A. M.; Sanders, S. R.; Aydin, T. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/60.986446	journal	March 2002
Generalized averaging method for power conversion circuits Sanders, S. R.; Noworolski, J. M.; Liu, X. Z. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/63.76811	journal	April 1991
Fast time-varying phasor analysis in the balanced three-phase large electric power system Venkatasubramanian, V.; Schattler, H.; Zaborszky, J. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. 40, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1109/9.471228	journal	November 1995
State of the Art in Research on Microgrids: A Review Parhizi, Sina; Lotfi, Hossein; Khodaei, Amin IEEE Access, Vol. 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2015.2443119	journal	January 2015
A Comprehensive Review on Constant Power Loads Compensation Techniques Hossain, Eklas; Perez, Ron; Nasiri, Adel IEEE Access, Vol. 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2849065	journal	January 2018
Battery Energy Storage Models for Optimal Control Rosewater, David M.; Copp, David A.; Nguyen, Tu A. IEEE Access, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2957698	journal	January 2019
Communication Requirements in Microgrids: A Practical Survey Serban, Ioan; Cespedes, Sandra; Marinescu, Corneliu IEEE Access, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2977928	journal	January 2020
Stability and Control Aspects of Microgrid Architectures–A Comprehensive Review Ahmed, Moudud; Meegahapola, Lasantha; Vahidnia, Arash IEEE Access, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3014977	journal	January 2020
Distributed Control Strategies for Microgrids: An Overview Espina, Enrique; Llanos, Jacqueline; Burgos-Mellado, Claudio IEEE Access, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3032378	journal	January 2020
Microgrid Protection Challenges and Mitigation Approaches–A Comprehensive Review Altaf, Muhammad Waseem; Arif, Mohammad Taufiqul; Islam, Shama Naz IEEE Access, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3165011	journal	January 2022
Un-terminated, low-frequency terminal behavioral model of dc-dc converters Cvetkovic, Igor; Boroyevich, Dushan; Mattavelli, Paolo 2011 Twenty-Sixth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2011.5744851	conference	March 2011
Development of dynamic EV load model for power system oscillatory stability studies Dharmakeerthi, C. H.; Mithulananthan, N.; Atputharajah, A. 2014 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/AUPEC.2014.6966601	conference	September 2014
Small signal stability analysis of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid with static and dynamic loads Ahmed, Moudud; Vahidnia, Arash; Meegahapola, Lasantha 2017 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/AUPEC.2017.8282414	conference	November 2017
Power decoupling techniques for micro-inverters in PV systems-a review Hu, Haibing; Harb, Souhib; Kutkut, Nasser 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2010.5618285	conference	September 2010
The performance of polytopic models in smart DC microgrids Frances, A.; Asensi, R.; Garcia, O. 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2016.7855507	conference	September 2016
Recurrent Neural Network-based Dynamic Equivalencing in Power System No authors listed 2007 IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCA.2007.4376791	conference	May 2007
How to model a DC microgrid: Towards an automated solution Frances, A.; Asensi, R.; Garcia, O. 2017 IEEE Second International Conference on DC Microgrids (ICDCM) https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCM.2017.8001110	conference	June 2017
A review of power management and stability issues in microgrid Kaper, Sanjit Kumar; Choudhary, Niraj Kumar 2016 IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES) https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPEICES.2016.7853065	conference	July 2016
Large-signal black-box behavioral modeling of grid-supporting power converters in AC microgrids Guarderas, Galo; Frances, Airan; Asensi, Rafael 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRERA.2017.8191258	conference	November 2017
Stability analysis of microgrids with constant power loads Ariyasinghe, Duminda P.; Vilathgamuwa, D. Mahinda 2008 IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSET.2008.4747017	conference	November 2008
A review on the small signal stability of microgrid No authors listed 2016 IEEE 8th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC-ECCE Asia) https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC.2016.7512566	conference	May 2016
Stability criterion of droop-controlled parallel inverters based on terminal-characteristics of individual inverters Liu, Zeng; Liu, Jinjun; Boroyevich, Dushan 2016 IEEE 8th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC-ECCE Asia) https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC.2016.7512767	conference	May 2016
Modeling of Grid-Forming Inverters for Transient Stability Simulations of an all Inverter-based Distribution System Du, Wei; Schneider, Kevin P.; Tuffner, Francis K. 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT) https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2019.8791620	conference	February 2019
Comparison of Electromagnetic Transient and Phasor-based Simulation for the Stability of Grid-Forming-Inverter-based Microgrids Du, Wei; Singhal, Ankit; Tuffner, Francis K. 2021 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT) https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT49243.2021.9372242	conference	February 2021
Dynamic equivalent modelling of active distribution networks for TSO-DSO interactions Conte, F.; D'Agostino, F.; Massucco, S. 2017 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe) https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2017.8260235	conference	September 2017
Energy-Efficient Dynamic Drive Control for Wind Power Conversion With PMSG: Modeling and Application of Transfer Function Analysis Kuschke, Maren; Strunz, Kai IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2013.2293632	journal	March 2014
Grid-Forming Inverters: A Critical Asset for the Power Grid Lasseter, Robert H.; Chen, Zhe; Pattabiraman, Dinesh IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2959271	journal	June 2020
Frequency Stability of Synchronous Machines and Grid-Forming Power Converters Tayyebi, Ali; Gross, Dominic; Anta, Adolfo IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2020.2966524	journal	June 2020
A Review on Stability Analysis Methods for Switching Mode Power Converters El Aroudi, Abdelali; Giaouris, Damian; Iu, Herbert Ho-Ching IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/JETCAS.2015.2462013	journal	September 2015
Enabling 100% Renewable Power Systems Through Power Electronic Grid-Forming Converter and Control: System Integration for Security, Stability, and Application to Europe Strunz, Kai; Almunem, Khaled; Wulkow, Christoph Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 111, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2022.3193374	journal	July 2023
Microgrid Protection: A Case Study of a Real-World Industry-Grade Microgrid Cavalieri, Carissa; Farias, Victoria; Kabalan, Mahmoud 2021 IEEE Kansas Power and Energy Conference (KPEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/KPEC51835.2021.9446263	conference	April 2021
AC Microgrid Small-Signal Modeling: Hierarchical Control Structure Challenges and Solutions Wu, Ying; Wu, Yanpeng; Guerrero, Josep M. IEEE Electrification Magazine, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/MELE.2019.2943980	journal	December 2019
Microgrids: Hierarchical Control and an Overview of the Control and Reserve Management Strategies Vandoorn, Tine L.; Vasquez, Juan C.; De Kooning, Jeroen IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2013.2279306	journal	December 2013
Microgrids management Katiraei, Farid; Iravani, Reza; Hatziargyriou, Nikos IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/MPE.2008.918702	journal	May 2008
Grid-Forming Inverters: Are They the Key for High Renewable Penetration? Matevosyan, Julia; Vital, Vijay; O'Sullivan, Jon IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/MPE.2019.2933072	journal	November 2019
Design of the HELICS high-performance transmission-distribution-communication-market co-simulation framework Palmintier, Bryan; Krishnamurthy, Dheepak; Top, Philip 2017 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES) https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2017.8064542	conference	April 2017
The Evolution of Research in Microgrids Control Vasilakis, Athanasios; Zafeiratou, Igyso; Lagos, Dimitris T. IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.1109/OAJPE.2020.3030348	journal	January 2020
Development of Dynamic Equivalents for MicroGrids using System Identification Theory Resende, F. O.; Lopes, J. A. Pecas 2007 IEEE Power Tech, 2007 IEEE Lausanne Power Tech https://doi.org/10.1109/PCT.2007.4538457	conference	July 2007
Characteristics of wind turbine generators for wind power plants Camm, E. H.; Behnke, M. R.; Bolado, O. 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275330	conference	July 2009
A hybrid three-phase single-phase power flow formulation Marinho, Jose Mauro; Taranto, Glauco 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5276028	conference	July 2009
Modeling and stability analysis of distributed generation Azadani, E. N.; Canizares, C.; Bhattacharya, K. 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2012.6345141	conference	July 2012
Microgrids — A review of modeling, control, protection, simulation and future potential Bhaskara, S. N.; Chowdhury, B. H. 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2012.6345694	conference	July 2012
Evaluation of under-excitation limiter actuation under unbalanced load conditions Piardi, Artur B.; Pesente, Jonas R.; Otto, Rodrigo B. 2014 IEEE PES General Meeting \| Conference & Exposition https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939080	conference	July 2014
Modeling and evaluation of the protection of distributed synchronous generators connected to unbalanced systems Mourinho, Fabricio Andrade; Pesente, Jonas Roberto; Bueno Otto, Rodrigo 2014 IEEE PES General Meeting \| Conference & Exposition https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939838	conference	July 2014
Enhancing Induction Motor Recovery in Microgrids via Adaptive Voltage Regulation Zhang, Tan; Emanuel, Alexander Eigeles; Orr, John Andrew 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973646	conference	August 2019
Evaluation of Volts/Hertz and over-excitation limiters acting under unbalanced load conditions Piardi, Artur B.; Pesente, Jonas R.; Otto, Rodrigo B. 2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting https://doi.org/10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672623	conference	January 2013
Description and technical specifications for generic WTG models — A status report Ellis, A.; Kazachkov, Y.; Muljadi, E. 2011 IEEE/PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition https://doi.org/10.1109/PSCE.2011.5772473	conference	March 2011
Application of dynamic equivalence techniques to derive aggregated models of active distribution network cells and microgrids Resende, F. O.; Matevosyan, J.; Milanovic, J. V. 2013 IEEE Grenoble Conference https://doi.org/10.1109/PTC.2013.6652356	conference	June 2013
Key technologies for microgrids-a review No authors listed 2009 International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply https://doi.org/10.1109/SUPERGEN.2009.5348218	conference	April 2009
Frequency-Adaptive Network Modeling for Integrative Simulation of Natural and Envelope Waveforms in Power Systems and Circuits Strunz, Kai; Shintaku, Rachel; Gao, Feng IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, Vol. 53, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2006.883864	journal	December 2006
Shifted-Frequency Analysis for EMTP Simulation of Power-System Dynamics Zhang, Peng; Marti, José R.; Dommel, Hermann W. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, Vol. 57, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2010.2043992	journal	September 2010
Modeling and control of a wind turbine driven doubly fed induction generator Tapia, A.; Tapia, G.; Ostolaza, J. X. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 18, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2003.811727	journal	June 2003
Modeling of the Wind Turbine With a Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Grid Integration Studies Lei, Y.; Mullane, A.; Lightbody, G. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 21, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2005.847958	journal	March 2006
Modal Analysis of Grid-Connected Doubly Fed Induction Generators Mei, Francoise; Pal, Bikash IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 22, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2006.881080	journal	September 2007
A Frequency-Control Approach by Photovoltaic Generator in a PV–Diesel Hybrid Power System Datta, Manoj; Senjyu, Tomonobu; Yona, Atsushi IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 26, Issue 2, p. 559-571 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2010.2089688	journal	June 2011
Multiphysics Transients Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Methodology of Circuit Equivalents and Use in EMTP-Type Power System Simulation Lan, Tian; Strunz, Kai IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2017.2687886	journal	December 2017
Modeling of the Enthalpy Transfer Using Electric Circuit Equivalents: Theory and Application to Transients of Multi-Carrier Energy Systems Lan, Tian; Strunz, Kai IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 34, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2019.2891345	journal	December 2019
Modeling Phase-Locked Loop-Based Synchronization in Grid-Interfaced Converters Zou, Zhi-Xiang; Liserre, Marco IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2019.2939425	journal	March 2020
Multi-Scale Modeling and Simulation of DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion System Xia, Yue; Chen, Ying; Song, Yankan IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2019.2953893	journal	March 2020
A Comparison of Three-Level Converters Versus Two-Level Converters for Low-Voltage Drives, Traction, and Utility Applications Teichmann, R.; Bernet, S. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 41, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2005.847285	journal	May 2005
Communication Constraints for Distributed Secondary Control of Heterogeneous Microgrids: A Survey Lu, Xiaoqing; Lai, Jingang IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 57, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2021.3104792	journal	November 2021
Comparison of Three Single-Phase PLL Algorithms for UPS Applications Santos Filho, Rubens M.; Seixas, Paulo F.; Cortizo, PorfÍrio C. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 55, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2008.924205	journal	August 2008
Hierarchical Control of Droop-Controlled AC and DC Microgrids—A General Approach Toward Standardization Guerrero, Josep M.; Vasquez, Juan C.; Matas, José IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 58, Issue 1, p. 158-172 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2010.2066534	journal	January 2011
Advanced Control Architectures for Intelligent Microgrids—Part I: Decentralized and Hierarchical Control Guerrero, Josep M.; Chandorkar, Mukul; Lee, Tzung-Lin IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 60, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2012.2194969	journal	April 2013
Dynamic Assessment of COTS Converters-Based DC Integrated Power Systems in Electric Ships Frances-Roger, Airan; Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad; Rodriguez-Diaz, Enrique IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2018.2810323	journal	December 2018
Modeling, Analysis and Testing of Autonomous Operation of an Inverter-Based Microgrid Pogaku, Nagaraju; Prodanovic, Milan; Green, Timothy C. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2006.890003	journal	March 2007
Control of Power Converters in AC Microgrids Rocabert, Joan; Luna, Alvaro; Blaabjerg, Frede IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 27, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2012.2199334	journal	November 2012
Impedance Modeling and Analysis of Grid-Connected Voltage-Source Converters Cespedes, M.; Sun, Jian IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 29, Issue 3, p. 1254-1261 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2262473	journal	March 2014
Simplified Terminal Behavioral Model for a Modular Multilevel Converter Ludois, Daniel C.; Venkataramanan, Giri IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 29, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2268856	journal	April 2014
Output Impedance Modeling and Stability Prediction of Three-Phase Paralleled Inverters with Master-Slave Sharing Scheme Based on Terminal Characteristics of Individual Inverters Liu, Zeng; Liu, Jinjun; Hou, Xueyu IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2015.2483741	journal	January 2015
Three-Phase PLLs: A Review of Recent Advances Golestan, Saeed; Guerrero, Josep M.; Vasquez, Juan C. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 32, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2016.2565642	journal	March 2017
Unified Impedance Model of Grid-Connected Voltage-Source Converters Wang, Xiongfei; Harnefors, Lennart; Blaabjerg, Frede IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 33, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2017.2684906	journal	February 2018
MAS-Based Distributed Coordinated Control and Optimization in Microgrid and Microgrid Clusters: A Comprehensive Overview Han, Yang; Zhang, Ke; Li, Hong IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 33, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2017.2761438	journal	August 2018
Nested Fast and Simultaneous Solution for Time-Domain Simulation of Integrative Power-Electric and Electronic Systems Strunz, Kai; Carlson, Eric IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 22, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2006.876657	journal	January 2007
Steady-State Model and Power Flow Analysis of Electronically-Coupled Distributed Resource Units Nikkhajoei, Hassan; Iravani, Reza IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 22, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2006.881604	journal	January 2007
Unbalanced Model and Power-Flow Analysis of Microgrids and Active Distribution Systems Kamh, Mohamed Zakaria; Iravani, Reza IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 25, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2042825	journal	October 2010
Efficient Modeling of Modular Multilevel HVDC Converters (MMC) on Electromagnetic Transient Simulation Programs Gnanarathna, Udana N.; Gole, Aniruddha M.; Jayasinghe, Rohitha P. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2060737	journal	January 2011
Interfacing Issues in Real-Time Digital Simulators Ren, W.; Sloderbeck, M.; Steurer, M. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 26, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2072792	journal	April 2011
Modeling of Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters for Dynamic Simulation of Large-Scale Distribution Systems Du, Wei; Tuffner, Frank; Schneider, Kevin Paul IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2020.3018647	journal	January 2020
Frequency-Adaptive Power System Modeling for Multiscale Simulation of Transients Gao, Feng; Strunz, Kai IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 24, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2009.2016587	journal	May 2009
Multi-State Load Models for Distribution System Analysis Schneider, Kevin P.; Fuller, Jason C.; Chassin, David P. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 26, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2132154	journal	November 2011
A Model-Based Approach for Small-Signal Stability Assessment of Unbalanced Power Systems Salim, Rodrigo Hartstein; Ramos, Rodrigo Andrade IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 27, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2192943	journal	November 2012
A Novel and Generalized Three-Phase Power Flow Algorithm for Islanded Microgrids Using a Newton Trust Region Method Abdelaziz, Morad Mohamed Abdelmageed; Farag, Hany E.; El-Saadany, Ehab F. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2195785	journal	February 2013
Generic Model of Active Distribution Network for Large Power System Stability Studies Mat Zali, Samila; Milanovic, Jovica V. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2233223	journal	August 2013
Some Aspects of Stability in Microgrids Majumder, Ritwik IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2234146	journal	August 2013
Three-Phase Unbalanced Transient Dynamics and Powerflow for Modeling Distribution Systems With Synchronous Machines Elizondo, Marcelo A.; Tuffner, Francis K.; Schneider, Kevin P. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2389712	journal	January 2016
Generalized Model of VSC-Based Energy Storage Systems for Transient Stability Analysis Ortega, Alvaro; Milano, Federico IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2496217	journal	September 2016
Simulation of Inrush Dynamics for Unbalanced Distribution Systems Using Dynamic-Phasor Models Elizondo, Marcelo A.; Tuffner, Francis K.; Schneider, Kevin P. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2548880	journal	January 2017
Analysis of the Impact of Microgrid Penetration on Power System Dynamics Ferraro, Pietro; Crisostomi, Emanuele; Raugi, Marco IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 32, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2645662	journal	September 2017
Battery Energy Storage System Models for Microgrid Stability Analysis and Dynamic Simulation Farrokhabadi, Mostafa; Konig, Sebastian; Canizares, Claudio A. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 33, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2740163	journal	March 2018
Microgrid Stability Definitions, Analysis, and Examples Farrokhabadi, Mostafa; Canizares, Claudio A.; Simpson-Porco, John W. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2019.2925703	journal	January 2020
Enhanced Microgrid Power Flow Incorporating Hierarchical Control Feng, Fei; Zhang, Peng IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 35, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2020.2972131	journal	May 2020
Implicit $\text{Z}_\text{bus}$ Gauss Algorithm Revisited Feng, Fei; Zhang, Peng IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 35, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3000658	journal	September 2020
Analysis and Application of Quasi-Static and Dynamic Phasor Calculus for Stability Assessment of Integrated Power Electric and Electronic Systems Vega-Herrera, Jorge; Rahmann, Claudia; Valencia, Felipe IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 36, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3030225	journal	May 2021
Hierarchical Structure of Microgrids Control System Bidram, Ali; Davoudi, Ali IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2012.2197425	journal	December 2012
A Centralized Energy Management System for Isolated Microgrids Olivares, Daniel E.; Canizares, Claudio A.; Kazerani, Mehrdad IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2013.2294187	journal	July 2014
Trends in Microgrid Control Olivares, Daniel E.; Mehrizi-Sani, Ali; Etemadi, Amir H. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2013.2295514	journal	July 2014
Stability Analysis of Unbalanced Distribution Systems With Synchronous Machine and DFIG Based Distributed Generators Nasr-Azadani, Ehsan; Canizares, Claudio A.; Olivares, Daniel E. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2014.2321709	journal	September 2014
Distributed Control Techniques in Microgrids Yazdanian, Mehrdad; Mehrizi-Sani, Ali IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2014.2337838	journal	November 2014
Direct Backward/Forward Sweep Algorithm for Solving Load Power Flows in AC Droop-Regulated Microgrids Diaz, Guzman; Gomez-Aleixandre, Javier; Coto, Jose IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2015.2478278	journal	September 2016
Including Smart Loads for Optimal Demand Response in Integrated Energy Management Systems for Isolated Microgrids Solanki, Bharatkumar V.; Raghurajan, Akash; Bhattacharya, Kankar IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2015.2506152	journal	July 2017
Large Signal Lyapunov-Based Stability Studies in Microgrids: A Review Kabalan, Mahmoud; Singh, Pritpal; Niebur, Dagmar IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2016.2521652	journal	September 2017
Microgrids for Service Restoration to Critical Load in a Resilient Distribution System Xu, Yin; Liu, Chen-Ching; Schneider, Kevin P. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2016.2591531	journal	January 2018
A Decentralized Adaptive Model-Based Real-Time Control for Active Distribution Networks Using Battery Energy Storage Systems Bahramipanah, Maryam; Torregrossa, Dimitri; Cherkaoui, Rachid IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2016.2631569	journal	July 2018
Enabling Resiliency Operations Across Multiple Microgrids With Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers Schneider, Kevin P.; Tuffner, Francis K.; Elizondo, Marcelo A. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2669642	journal	September 2018
Load Modeling—A Review Arif, Anmar; Wang, Zhaoyu; Wang, Jianhui IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2700436	journal	November 2018
Modeling Electronic Power Converters in Smart DC Microgrids—An Overview Frances, Airan; Asensi, Rafael; Garcia, Oscar IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2707345	journal	November 2018
Adaptive Dynamic Simulations for Distribution Systems Using Multistate Load Models Schneider, Kevin P.; Tuffner, Francis K.; Elizondo, Marcelo A. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2794180	journal	March 2019
Modeling Load Dynamics to Support Resiliency-Based Operations in Low-Inertia Microgrids Tuffner, Francis K.; Schneider, Kevin P.; Hansen, Jacob IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2809452	journal	May 2019
Generalized Microgrid Power Flow Ren, Lingyu; Zhang, Peng IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2813080	journal	July 2018
Survivability of Autonomous Microgrid During Overload Events Du, Wei; Lasseter, Robert H.; Khalsa, Amrit S. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 10, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2829438	journal	July 2019
Low-Frequency Stability Analysis of Inverter-Based Islanded Multiple-Bus AC Microgrids Based on Terminal Characteristics Cao, Wenchao; Ma, Yiwei; Wang, Fei IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2020.2978250	journal	September 2020
Dynamic Modeling of Battery Energy Storage and Applications in Transmission Systems Calero, Fabian; Canizares, Claudio A.; Bhattacharya, Kankar IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2020.3016298	journal	January 2021
Consensus Control for Coordinating Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters in Microgrids Singhal, Ankit; Vu, Thanh Long; Du, Wei IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 13, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2022.3158254	journal	September 2022
Microgrids of Commercial Buildings: Strategies to Manage Mode Transfer From Grid Connected to Islanded Mode Meegahapola, Lasantha Gunaruwan; Robinson, Duane; Agalgaonkar, A. P. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2014.2305657	journal	October 2014
Stability Analysis of Converter-Connected Battery Energy Storage Systems in the Grid Bazargan, Damon; Filizadeh, Shaahin; Gole, Ani M. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2014.2337053	journal	October 2014
Modeling of Grid-Connected DFIG-Based Wind Turbines for DC-Link Voltage Stability Analysis Hu, Jiabing; Huang, Yunhui; Wang, Dong IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2015.2432062	journal	October 2015
A Novel Approach to Solve Power Flow for Islanded Microgrids Using Modified Newton Raphson With Droop Control of DG Mumtaz, Faisal; Syed, M. H.; Hosani, Mohamed Al IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2015.2502482	journal	April 2016
IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces No authors listed IEEE Std 1547-2018 https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeestd.2018.8332112	standard	April 2018
3003.1-2019 - IEEE Recommended Practice for System Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems No authors listed https://doi.org/10.1109/ieeestd.2019.8793247	standard	August 2019
Identificaion Modeling Method of Voltage Frequency Response Model for Microgrid in Islanded Mode Xu, Dong; Shi, Yong; Su, Jianhui 2019 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG) https://doi.org/10.1109/pedg.2019.8807683	conference	June 2019
Review of VSG Control-Enabled Universal Compatibility Architecture for Future Power Systems with High-Penetration Renewable Generation Yan, Xiangwu; Zhang, Weichao Applied Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/app9071484	journal	April 2019
Voltage Stability of Power Systems with Renewable-Energy Inverter-Based Generators: A Review Hosseinzadeh, Nasser; Aziz, Asma; Mahmud, Apel Electronics, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020115	journal	January 2021
Constant Power Loads (CPL) with Microgrids: Problem Definition, Stability Analysis and Compensation Techniques AL-Nussairi, Mohammed Kh.; Bayindir, Ramazan; Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar Energies, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101656	journal	October 2017
Black-Box Behavioral Modeling of Voltage and Frequency Response Characteristic for Islanded Microgrid Shi, Yong; Xu, Dong; Su, Jianhui Energies, Vol. 12, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12112049	journal	May 2019
A Review on Optimization and Control Methods Used to Provide Transient Stability in Microgrids Vadi, Seyfettin; Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar; Bayindir, Ramazan Energies, Vol. 12, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.3390/en12183582	journal	September 2019
Cyber-Security of Smart Microgrids: A Survey Nejabatkhah, Farzam; Li, Yun Wei; Liang, Hao Energies, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/en14010027	journal	December 2020
Microgrid and Distributed Energy Resources Standards and Guidelines Review: Grid Connection and Operation Technical Requirements Rebollal, David; Carpintero-Rentería, Miguel; Santos-Martín, David Energies, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/en14030523	journal	January 2021
Virtual Inertia Control Methods in Islanded Microgrids Skiparev, Vjatseslav; Machlev, Ram; Chowdhury, Nilanjan Roy Energies, Vol. 14, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061562	journal	March 2021
A Review of Power Electronics Based Microgrids Wang, Xiongfei; Guerrero, Josep M.; Blaabjerg, Frede Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.6113/JPE.2012.12.1.181	journal	January 2012

Similar Records

Microgrid Stability Definitions, Analysis, and Examples

Journal Article · 2020 · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · OSTI ID:1581962

Comparison of Electromagnetic Transient and Phasor-based Simulation for the Stability of Grid-Forming-Inverter-based Microgrids

Conference · 2021 · OSTI ID:1788217

Flexible dynamic boundary microgrid operation considering network and load unbalances

Journal Article · 2024 · Applied Energy · OSTI ID:2376386

Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION

Microgrid Modeling for Stability Analysis

Citation Formats

References (171)

Similar Records

Related Subjects