Understanding the influence of boron in additively manufactured GammaPrint®-700 CoNi-based superalloy

Ren, Qing-Qiang; Raeker, Evan B.; Pusch, Kira M.; Pollock, Tresa M.; Forsik, Stephane A.J.; Zhou, Ning; Dicus, Austin D.; Kirka, Michael M.; Poplawsky, Jonathan D.

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2024.104370

Understanding the influence of boron in additively manufactured GammaPrint®-700 CoNi-based superalloy

Journal Article · Thu Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Additive Manufacturing

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2024.104370· OSTI ID:2439005

^[1]; Raeker, Evan B. ^[2]; Pusch, Kira M. ^[2]; Pollock, Tresa M. ^[2]; Forsik, Stephane A.J. ^[3]; Zhou, Ning ^[3]; Dicus, Austin D. ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
Carpenter Technology Corp., Reading, PA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Boron is commonly added to superalloys in small amounts to enhance creep resistance, but can lead to cracking at high concentrations, especially during the additive manufacturing process. Two variants of CoNi-based GammaPrint®-700 superalloy with different B contents (0.08 at% vs 0.16 at%) were printed via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) with the same printing parameters, with only the high B alloy exhibiting solidification cracking. Atom probe tomography (APT) revealed stronger segregation behaviors in the high B alloy compared to the low B alloy at both the inter-dendritic regions and grain boundaries (GBs). The segregation behavior at inter-dendritic regions was well captured with Scheil simulation and can correlate with the existing cracking susceptibility index (CSI) on cracking tendencies, although high angle GBs are where cracking occurs according to electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements. Additionally, the extent of GB segregation was compared between the high B and low B alloy. Higher B additions led to significantly more GB B segregation in the high B alloy compared to the low B alloy. Further, for the high B alloy, the cracked region of one GB exhibited higher levels of B compared to the uncracked region of the same GB. However, much higher B contents were also found in two other uncracked GBs in the high B alloy, which demonstrates that higher GB B concentrations are not fully responsible for the cracking. A much larger variance in GB B segregation content was found in the high B alloy compared to the low B alloy. These phenomena were explained with a solidification model with the GB segregation content expressed explicitly by a modified Langmuir-McLean equation. This model linked the GB segregation content with solidification undercooling, which can be used as quantitative cracking criteria for future builds.

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This content will become publicly available on Fri Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2025

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Advanced Materials & Manufacturing Technologies Office (AMMTO); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2439005

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2437860

Journal Information:: Additive Manufacturing, Vol. 92; ISSN 2214-8604

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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