Solid‐State Reaction Heterogeneity During Calcination of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathode

Jo, Sugeun; Han, Jeongwoo; Seo, Sungjae; Kwon, Oh‐Sung; Choi, Subin; Zhang, Jin; Hyun, Hyejeong; Oh, Juhyun; Kim, Juwon; Chung, Jinkyu; Kim, Hwiho; Wang, Jian; Bae, Junho; Moon, Junyeob; Park, Yoon‐Cheol; Hong, Moon‐Hi; Kim, Miyoung; Liu, Yijin; Sohn, Il; Jung, Keeyoung; Lim, Jongwoo

doi:10.1002/adma.202207076

Solid‐State Reaction Heterogeneity During Calcination of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathode

Journal Article · 17 January 2023 · Advanced Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202207076· OSTI ID:2423931

^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Kwon, Oh‐Sung ^[2]; ^[1]; Zhang, Jin ^[3]; ^[1]; Oh, Juhyun ^[4]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Wang, Jian ^[5]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Park, Yoon‐Cheol ^[6]; Hong, Moon‐Hi ^[6]; Kim, Miyoung ^[7]; ^[3]; ^[2]; ^[6] more »

Department of Chemistry Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 120‐749 Republic of Korea
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
Department of Chemistry Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea; Department of Materials Science &, Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
Materials Research Division Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
Department of Materials Science &, Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University 1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

Abstract

During solid‐state calcination, with increasing temperature, materials undergo complex phase transitions with heterogeneous solid‐state reactions and mass transport. Precise control of the calcination chemistry is therefore crucial for synthesizing state‐of‐the‐art Ni‐rich layered oxides (LiNi_1‐x‐yCo_xMn_yO₂, NRNCM) as cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries. Although the battery performance depends on the chemical heterogeneity during NRNCM calcination, it has not yet been elucidated. Herein, through synchrotron‐based X‐ray, mass spectrometry microscopy, and structural analyses, it is revealed that the temperature‐dependent reaction kinetics, the diffusivity of solid‐state lithium sources, and the ambient oxygen control the local chemical compositions of the reaction intermediates within a calcined particle. Additionally, it is found that the variations in the reducing power of the transition metals (i.e., Ni, Co, and Mn) determine the local structures at the nanoscale. The investigation of the reaction mechanism via imaging analysis provides valuable information for tuning the calcination chemistry and developing high‐energy/power density lithium‐ion batteries.

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 2423931

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 35; ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:: Wiley

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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