Opportunities and Challenges in Passive Thermal-Fluid and Energy Systems

Shabgard, Hamidreza; Li, Xianglin; Faghri, Amir

doi:10.1115/1.4055342

Opportunities and Challenges in Passive Thermal-Fluid and Energy Systems

Journal Article · 09 December 2022 · ASME Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055342· OSTI ID:2422294

Shabgard, Hamidreza ^[1]; Li, Xianglin; Faghri, Amir

OSTI

Abstract

This article focuses on passive systems that are used in energy and thermal-fluid applications. These passive systems do not have moving parts and are reliable and cost-effective. Fluid motion in these passive devices could be driven by capillary force, gravity, osmotic pressure, and/or concentration gradient. The fundamental mechanisms and limitations of transport phenomena for passive systems are highlighted, followed by their applications in heat pipes, fuel cells, thermal energy storage, and desalination systems. The capabilities of the passive systems are limited by the balance between the driving force and transport resistance. Based on the fundamental understanding of fluid flow and phase change in passive systems, this study proposes associated transport phenomena and quantitative criteria to determine the maximum heat transfer rate, the transport distance, and minimum pore size of wick structures (when relevant) in these passive devices. This article concludes with the discussion of challenges and future opportunities of passive systems.

Research Organization:: Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

DOE Contract Number:: AR0001069

OSTI ID:: 2422294

Journal Information:: ASME Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Journal Name: ASME Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 145; ISSN 2832-8450

Publisher:: ASME

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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