Activity-induced migration of viscous droplets on a solid substrate

Aggarwal, A.; Kirkinis, E.; Olvera de la Cruz, M.

doi:10.1017/jfm.2022.1051

Activity-induced migration of viscous droplets on a solid substrate

Journal Article · 12 January 2023 · Journal of Fluid Mechanics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.1051· OSTI ID:2419554

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OSTI

Active matter exploits motion to induce changes in shape and conformation via external input. In this paper, we establish theoretically that viscous liquid droplets containing magnetic nanoparticles with frozen-in magnetic moments, sitting on a solid substrate and surrounded by an ambient gas phase, can deform and migrate under the influence of a magnetic torque. The effect arises because the collective rotation of the magnetic nanoparticles at the liquid–gas interface tilts the droplet away from a symmetric configuration, breaks the reflection symmetry with respect to the centre axis, and leads to a left–right asymmetry of the contact angles. A sufficiently strong magnetic torque leads the contact angles to overcome hysteresis effects leading the droplet to migrate. We develop a general framework to explain how symmetry-breaking affects droplet migration. Thus previous results of droplet spreading and migration can be recovered as special cases. Such droplets can be employed as agents in active surfaces and can move against gravity, chemical and thermal gradients, providing a mechanism that could be utilized by both industry and medicine.

Research Organization:: Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0000989

OSTI ID:: 2419554

Journal Information:: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Journal Name: Journal of Fluid Mechanics Vol. 955; ISSN 0022-1120

Publisher:: Cambridge University Press

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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