Precision Tests of the Nonlinear Mode Coupling of Anisotropic Flow via High-Energy Collisions of Isobars

Jia, Jiangyong; Giacalone, Giuliano; Zhang, Chunjian

doi:10.1088/0256-307x/40/4/042501

Precision Tests of the Nonlinear Mode Coupling of Anisotropic Flow via High-Energy Collisions of Isobars

Journal Article · 28 February 2023 · Chinese Physics Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/40/4/042501· OSTI ID:2419332

Jia, Jiangyong ^[1]; Giacalone, Giuliano; Zhang, Chunjian

OSTI

Valuable information on dynamics of expanding fluids can be inferred from the response of such systems to perturbations in their initial geometry. We apply this technique in high-energy⁹⁶Ru+⁹⁶Ru and⁹⁶Zr+⁹⁶Zr collisions to scrutinize the expansion dynamics of the quark-gluon plasma, where the initial geometry perturbations are sourced by the differences in deformations and radial profiles between⁹⁶Ru and⁹⁶Zr, and the collective response is captured by the change in anisotropic flowV_nbetween the two collision systems. Using a transport model, we analyze how the nonlinear coupling between lower-order flow harmonicsV₂andV₃to the higher-order flow harmonicsV₄andV₅, expected to scale as $V_{4 NL} = χ_{4} V_{2}^{2}$ andV_5NL=χ₅V₂V₃, gets modified as one moves from⁹⁶Ru+⁹⁶Ru to⁹⁶Zr+⁹⁶Zr systems. We find that these scaling relations are valid to high precision: variations of order 20% inV_4NLandV_5NLdue to differences in quadrupole deformation, octupole deformation, and nuclear skin modifyχ₄andχ₅by about 1–2%. Percent-level deviations are however larger than the expected experimental uncertainties and could be measured. Therefore, collisions of isobars with different nuclear structures are a unique tool to isolate subtle nonlinear effects in the expansion of the quark-gluon plasma that would be otherwise impossible to access in a single collision system.

Research Organization:: State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

DOE Contract Number:: FG02-87ER40331

OSTI ID:: 2419332

Journal Information:: Chinese Physics Letters, Journal Name: Chinese Physics Letters Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 40; ISSN 0256-307X

Publisher:: IOP Publishing

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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