Towards Multilayered Coatings of 304L Stainless Steels Using Friction Surfacing

Agiwal, Hemant; Baumann, Christian; Krall, Stephan; Yeom, Hwasung; Sridharan, Kumar; Bleicher, Friedrich; Pfefferkorn, Frank E.

doi:10.1115/1.4055050

Towards Multilayered Coatings of 304L Stainless Steels Using Friction Surfacing

Journal Article · 26 September 2022 · Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055050· OSTI ID:2418333

Agiwal, Hemant ^[1]; Baumann, Christian; Krall, Stephan; Yeom, Hwasung; Sridharan, Kumar; Bleicher, Friedrich; Pfefferkorn, Frank E.

OSTI

Abstract

The objective of this work is to study friction surfacing process variability when depositing multilayered coatings. This is motivated by the need to maintain deposition quality when depositing multiple friction surfacing layers, whether for repair, remanufacturing, or new part creation using this solid-state metal additive manufacturing process. In this study, 10-mm-diameter 304L stainless steel rods were used to create up to five layers of 40-mm-long coatings on 304L substrates using a constant set of processing parameters. In-process measurement of forces (X, Y, Z), flash temperature, flash geometry, layer temperature, and post-process measurement of layer geometry, microhardness, and microstructure are used to characterize changes in the friction surfacing process as more layers are deposited. It was observed that with increasing layers: layer thickness and deposition efficiency decrease; offsetting of the deposition towards the retreating side, and temperature in the deposited layer increase; and flash temperature does not change. Metallurgical analyses of friction-surfaced cross-sections revealed fine grain refinement and transformation of base austenite to strain-induced martensite. It is concluded that the process parameters need to be adjusted even after the second or third layer is deposited, corrections to the tool path are required after a couple of layers, and the measured process forces, as well as deposited layer temperature, may be useful to monitor and control the process and its instabilities.

Research Organization:: Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)

DOE Contract Number:: NE0008801

OSTI ID:: 2418333

Journal Information:: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Journal Name: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 145; ISSN 1087-1357

Publisher:: ASME

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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