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Tin Metal Improves the Lithiation Kinetics of High-Capacity Silicon Anodes

Journal Article · · Chemistry of Materials
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [1]
  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division
  2. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN); Nankai University, Tianjin (China)
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  4. Nankai University, Tianjin (China)
  5. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division; University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  6. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)
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Si-based anodes present a great promise for high energy density lithium-ion batteries. However, its commercialization is largely hindered by a grand challenge of a rapid capacity fade. Here, we demonstrate excellent cycling stability on a Si-Sn thin film electrode that outperforms pure Si or Sn counterpart under the similar conditions. Combined with the first-principles calculations, in situ transmission electron microscopy studies reveal a reduced volume expansion, increased conductivity, as well as dynamic rearrangement upon lithiation of the Si-Sn film. Here we attribute the improved lithiation kinetics to the formation of a conductive matrix that comprises a mosaic of nanostructured Sn, LiySn (specifically, Li7Sn2 develops around the lithiation potential of Si), and LixSi. This work provides an important advance in understanding the lithiation mechanism of Si-based anodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; SC0012704
OSTI ID:
2325983
Journal Information:
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 35, Issue 6; ISSN 0897-4756
Publisher:
American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
li-ion battery
silicon anode
tin anode
lithiation kinetics
in situ TEM